Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/nainaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *ne +‎ *ainaz. Compare Old Latin noenum.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈnɑi̯.nɑz/

Numeral

*nainaz

(in the singular) zero, nought; none, no one, nothing
(in the plural) not any, no, none

Inflection

Declension of *nainaz (a-stem)
Strong declension
	singular			plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*nainaz	*nainō	nainą, -at(ō)	*nainai	*nainôz	*nainō
accusative	*nainanǭ	*nainǭ	nainą, -at(ō)	*nainanz	*nainōz	*nainō
genitive	nainas, nainis	*nainaizōz	nainas, nainis	*nainaizǫ̂	*nainaizǫ̂	*nainaizǫ̂
dative	*nainammai	*nainaizōi	*nainammai	*nainaimaz	*nainaimaz	*nainaimaz
instrumental	*nainanō	*nainaizō	*nainanō	*nainaimiz	*nainaimiz	*nainaimiz

Weak declension
	singular			plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*nainô	*nainǭ	*nainô	*nainaniz	*nainōniz	*nainōnō
accusative	*nainanų	*nainōnų	*nainô	*nainanunz	*nainōnunz	*nainōnō
genitive	*naininiz	*nainōniz	*naininiz	*nainanǫ̂	*nainōnǫ̂	*nainanǫ̂
dative	*nainini	*nainōni	*nainini	*nainammaz	*nainōmaz	*nainammaz
instrumental	*naininē	*nainōnē	*naininē	*nainammiz	*nainōmiz	*nainammiz

Related terms

*nehwainaz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *nain
- Old English: nān, nǣn
  - Middle English: nan, noan, non, noon, na, no
    - English: none, no
    - Scots: nan, nane, nain, na, nae
    - Middle English: non- (“none, no”, prefix) (merged with Old French non- (“not”))
      - English: non-
      - Scots: non-
- Old Frisian: nān, nēn
  - Saterland Frisian: naan, neen
  - West Frisian: neen
- Old Saxon: nian, neēn, nēn
  - Middle Low German: nên, nein
    - German Low German: neen, nee
- Old Dutch: nēn
  - Middle Dutch: neen, nien, nein
    - Dutch: neen, nee
- Old High German: nein
  - Middle High German: nein
    - German: nein, nee
    - Luxembourgish: neen, nee
Old Norse: neinn
- Icelandic: neinn