Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/rīkiją

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *rīgyom, whence also Old Irish ríge.^[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈriː.ki.jɑ̃/

Noun

*rīkiją n

rulership, government, authority
realm, kingdom

Inflection

neuter ja-stemDeclension of *rīkiją (neuter ja-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*rīkiją	*rīkijō
vocative	*rīkiją	*rīkijō
accusative	*rīkiją	*rīkijō
genitive	rīkijas, rīkīs	*rīkijǫ̂
dative	*rīkijai	*rīkijamaz
instrumental	*rīkijō	*rīkijamiz

Derived terms

*kuningarīkiją

Related terms

*rīkijaz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *rīkī
- Old English: rīce
  - Middle English: riche, ryche, rik, rike, ryk (Northern), rice (Early Middle English)
- Old Frisian: rīke
  - Saterland Frisian: Riek
  - West Frisian: ryk
- Old Saxon: rīki
  - Middle Low German: rîch, ricke, rijke, rîk, rîke
    - Low German: riek
    - Plautdietsch: Rikj
- Old Dutch: rīki
  - Middle Dutch: rike
    - Dutch: rijk
      - Afrikaans: ryk
- Old High German: rīhhi
  - Middle High German: riche
    - Bavarian: Reich
    - German: Reich
      - → English: Reich
      - → Polish: Reich
      - → Russian: рейх (rejx)
    - Luxembourgish: Räich
  - → Polish: rzesza
  - → Czech: říše
  - → Slovak: ríša
Old Norse: ríki
- Icelandic: ríki
- Faroese: ríki
- Norwegian Nynorsk: rike
- Norwegian Bokmål: rike
- Old Swedish: rīke
  - Swedish: rike
- Danish: rige
- → Middle English: rike
  - English: rike
  - Scots: rik
Gothic: 𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌺𐌹 (reiki)
→ Estonian: riik (borrowing) (from (Old) Swedish or (Middle) Low German)

References

^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*rīkjan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 305

[1] Vladimir Orel (2003) “*rīkjan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 305

[1]