Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/rukkōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Pre-Germanic *Hruknéh₂-, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *h₃rewk- (“to dig up”), from *Hrew-. Cognate with Latin runcō (“to weed”, verb).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈruk.kɔː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*rukkōną

1. to move, move back and forth, rock

Inflection

Related terms

• *rukkijaną

Descendants

The original paradigm of *rukk- against *rug- allowed for different leveling among dialects.

• Proto-West Germanic: *rukkōn, *rokkōn
  • Old English: roccian
    • Middle English: rokken, roggen, rucken, rocken (cf. also roggelen)
      • Scots: rok
      • English: rock, rog (obsolete, dialectal)
        • → German: rocken
  • Old Dutch: *rukkon, *rokkon
    • Middle Dutch: rucken, rocken
      • Dutch: rocken (obsolete)
  • → Old French: rocquer
  • Old High German: *rohhōn, *rochōn
    • Middle High German: rocken
• Old Norse: *rukka, rugga
  • Icelandic: rukka, rugga
  • Faroese: rugga
  • Swedish: rucka
  • Danish: rokke

References