Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/sīpaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *seyp-, *seybʰ- (“to pour, sieve, strain, sift, run, drip”), whence also Proto-West Germanic *sibi (“sieve”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈsiː.pɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*sīpaną^[1]

to drip, to pour

Inflection

Conjugation of *sīpaną (strong class 1)

present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*sīpō	*sīpaų	—	*sīpai	?
2nd singular	*sīpizi	*sīpaiz	*sīp	*sīpazai	*sīpaizau
3rd singular	*sīpidi	*sīpai	*sīpadau	*sīpadai	*sīpaidau
1st dual	*sīpōz	*sīpaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*sīpadiz	*sīpaidiz	*sīpadiz	—	—
1st plural	*sīpamaz	*sīpaim	—	*sīpandai	*sīpaindau
2nd plural	*sīpid	*sīpaid	*sīpid	*sīpandai	*sīpaindau
3rd plural	*sīpandi	*sīpain	*sīpandau	*sīpandai	*sīpaindau

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*saip	*sipį̄
2nd singular	*saift	*sipīz
3rd singular	*saip	*sipī
1st dual	*sipū	*sipīw
2nd dual	*sipudiz	*sipīdiz
1st plural	*sipum	*sipīm
2nd plural	*sipud	*sipīd
3rd plural	*sipun	*sipīn

	present	past
participles	*sīpandz	*sipanaz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *sīpan
- Old Frisian: sīpa
- Old Saxon: *sīpan
  - Middle Low German: sīpen
    - Low German: siepen
- Old Dutch: *sīpan
  - Middle Dutch: sipen
    - Dutch: zijpen
- Old High German: *sīfan
  - Middle High German: sīfen
    - Central Franconian: siefe, siffe, seife
      - ⇒ Luxembourgish: säifeg

References

^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*sīpanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 330

[Orel-1] Vladimir Orel (2003) “*sīpanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 330

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