Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/skalō

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *skolH-eh₂, from *(s)kelH- (“to split, part, divide”). Synchronically analyzed as an ō-stem nominal from *skiljaną (“to cut, separate”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈskɑl.ɔː/

Noun

*skalō f

shell, husk

Inflection

Declension of *skalō (ō-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*skalō	*skalôz
vocative	*skalō	*skalôz
accusative	*skalǭ	*skalōz
genitive	*skalōz	*skalǫ̂
dative	*skalōi	*skalōmaz
instrumental	*skalō	*skalōmiz

Related terms

*skaljō

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *skalu
- Old English: sċealu (“husk”)
  - Middle English: schale (“shell, husk; scale”)
    - English: shale
- Old Dutch:
  - Middle Dutch: scale
    - Dutch: schaal
- Old High German: scala
  - Middle High German: schāle
    - Bavarian: Schoin
    - German: Schale
      - → Serbo-Croatian: šolja
    - Yiddish: שאָל (shol)
- → Old French: escale, eschale
  - French: écale
  - → Middle English: scale
    - English: scale
    - Yola: skaulès (plural)
Old Norse: skál (“bowl, cup”)
- Danish: skal (“shell; rind; skull”)

References

^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*skalō”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 333

[1] Vladimir Orel (2003) “*skalō”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 333