Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/swōganą

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈswɔː.ɣɑ.nɑ̃/

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *(s)weh₂gʰ-. Cognate with Ancient Greek ἠχή (ēkhḗ), Latin vāgiō and Sanskrit वग्नु (vagnu).

Verb

*swōganą

to resound

Inflection

Conjugation of *swōganą (strong class 7e)

present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*swōgō	*swōgaų	—	*swōgai	?
2nd singular	*swōgizi	*swōgaiz	*swōg	*swōgazai	*swōgaizau
3rd singular	*swōgidi	*swōgai	*swōgadau	*swōgadai	*swōgaidau
1st dual	*swōgōz	*swōgaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*swōgadiz	*swōgaidiz	*swōgadiz	—	—
1st plural	*swōgamaz	*swōgaim	—	*swōgandai	*swōgaindau
2nd plural	*swōgid	*swōgaid	*swōgid	*swōgandai	*swōgaindau
3rd plural	*swōgandi	*swōgain	*swōgandau	*swōgandai	*swōgaindau

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*seswōg	*seswōgį̄
2nd singular	*seswōht	*seswōgīz
3rd singular	*seswōg	*seswōgī
1st dual	*seswōgū	*seswōgīw
2nd dual	*seswōgudiz	*seswōgīdiz
1st plural	*seswōgum	*seswōgīm
2nd plural	*seswōgud	*seswōgīd
3rd plural	*seswōgun	*seswōgīn

	present	past
participles	*swōgandz	*swōganaz

Related terms

*swōgiz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *swōgan
- Old English: swōgan, swœ̄gan
  - Middle English: swoȝen, swowen, swough, swogh, *sough
    - English: sough
Old Norse: svagla
Gothic: *𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌰𐌽 (*swōgan)
- ⇒ Gothic: 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽 (gaswōgjan)
- ⇒ Gothic: 𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌰𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 (swōgatjan)
- ⇒ Gothic: 𐌿𐍆𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽 (ufswōgjan)