Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/tuppaz

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 This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Secondary formation from *tebō, *tappaz (“tuft, knot, peg”), whence Old High German zepfo, zapfo (“plug, peg, broom”), Old English tæppa (“strip of cloth”), Norwegian tave (“piece of cloth”), of unknown origin.[1][2]

Sometimes reconstructed from earlier *tumpaz[3] with irregular development *mp > *pp, from Proto-Indo-European *dewmb- (“penis, tail, rod”), whence Old High German zumpfo (“penis”), Dutch tamp (“rope end, penis”), Avestan 𐬛𐬎𐬨𐬀 (duma, “penis”), Persian دم (dom, “tail”).[4] Pystynen (2024) proposes borrowing from Proto-Finnic *tup'as, in which case *tuppaz would be more original than the e- and a-grade variants cited above.[5]

Pronunciation

Noun

*tuppaz m[6][2]

  1. tuft, plait (of hair)
  2. top, summit

Inflection

masculine a-stemDeclension of *tuppaz (masculine a-stem)
singular plural
nominative *tuppaz *tuppōz, *tuppōs
vocative *tupp *tuppōz, *tuppōs
accusative *tuppą *tuppanz
genitive *tuppas, *tuppis *tuppǫ̂
dative *tuppai *tuppamaz
instrumental *tuppō *tuppamiz

Derived terms

Descendants

References

  1. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2011) The Proto-Germanic n-stems: A study in diachronic morphophonology, Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, pages 215-217
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Boutkan, Dirk, Siebinga, Sjoerd (2005) “top”, in Old Frisian Etymological Dictionary (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 1), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 412
  3. ^ Bloomfield ((Can we date this quote?)) Germanica, page 95
  4. ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “dumb-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 227
  5. ^ Pystynen, Juho: Uralic *tuppas – bridging Indic and Germanic E litoribus Balticis etymologiae. 61–78.Uralica Helsingiensia 15. Helsinki 2024
  6. ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*tuppaz”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 412
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