Reconstruction:Proto-Hellenic/ehmi
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This Proto-Hellenic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Hellenic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésmi.
Verb
*ehmi
- to be
Inflection
Present forms of *ehmi
| Active | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | *éhmenai | ||||||||||
| participle | *ehónts | ||||||||||
| singular | dual | plural | |||||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
| indicative | *ehmí | *ehí | *estí | *eswén? | *estón | *estón | *esmén | *esté | *ehénti | ||
| subjunctive | *éhō | *éhēhi | *éhēti | *éhōwen? | *éhēton | *éhēton | *éhōmen | *éhēte | *éhōnti | ||
| optative | *éyyēn | *éyyēs | *éyyē | *éyyāwen? | *éyyāton | *éyyā́tān | *éyyāmen | *éyyāte | *éyyen | ||
| imperative | - | *ístʰi | *éstō | - | *éston | *éstōn | - | *éste | *éstōn | ||
| Middle/Passive | |||||||||||
| infinitive | *? | ||||||||||
| participle | *? | ||||||||||
| singular | dual | plural | |||||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
| indicative | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | ||
| subjunctive | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | ||
| optative | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | ||
| imperative | - | *? | *? | - | *? | *? | - | *? | *? | ||
Imperfect forms of *ehmi
| Active | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| singular | dual | plural | ||||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
| indicative | *ḗhə | *ḗstʰa | *ḗhe | *ḗston | *ḗstān | *ḗhmen | *ḗhte | *ḗsən | ||
| Middle/Passive | ||||||||||
| singular | dual | plural | ||||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
| indicative | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | ||
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Future forms of *ehmi
| Active | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | *? | |||||||||
| participle | *? | |||||||||
| singular | dual | plural | ||||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
| indicative | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | ||
| optative | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | ||
| Middle | ||||||||||
| infinitive | *éhsestʰai | |||||||||
| participle | *ehsómenos | |||||||||
| singular | dual | plural | ||||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
| indicative | *éhsomai | *éhsehai | *éhsetoi | *éhsestʰes | *éhsesthes | *ehsómostʰa | *ésestʰe | *éhsontoi | ||
| optative | *éhsoimān | *éhsoiho | *éhsoito | *éhsoistʰes | *éhsoistʰes | *esóimetʰa | *éhsoistʰe | *ehsóyanto | ||
| Passive | ||||||||||
| infinitive | *? | |||||||||
| participle | *? | |||||||||
| singular | dual | plural | ||||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
| indicative | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | ||
| optative | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | ||
Descendants
Citations
- Andrew L. Sihler (1995) “Part VI: Conjugation”, in New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, 1st edition, New York, N.Y., Oxford: Oxford University Press, published 1995, →ISBN, pages 461, 462, 514