Reconstruction:Proto-Hmong-Mien/ʔrəu

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 This Proto-Hmong-Mien entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Hmong-Mien

Etymology

Compare Kra-Dai[1] and Proto-Tibeto-Burman *b-rak

Noun

*ʔrəu

  1. stone

Descendants

  • Hmongic
    • Pa Hng
      • Pa Hng - Gundong 滚董: qa⁰³jo³⁵
      • Hm Nai - Mao'ao 毛坳: la⁰³ʑo³⁵
    • North Hmongic
      • West Xiangxi (Xong) - Layiping 腊乙坪: qo³⁵ʐɯ³⁵
      • East Xiangxi (Suang) - Xiaozhang 小章: ki⁰³ʑəɯ⁵³
    • East Hmongic
      • North Qiandong - Yanghao 养蒿: ɣi³³
      • East Qiandong - Caidiwan 菜地湾: ʑei²⁴
      • South Qiandong - Yaogao 尧告: ɣei¹³
      • West Qiandong (Raojia) - Heba 河坝: pɔ¹³ɣi⁴⁴
    • Sheic
      • Younuo 优诺: hau³²vji⁴⁴
      • Jiongnai - Longhua 龙华: ŋkja⁴⁴
      • Bana 巴那: pei³⁵
      • She - Xiashuicun 下水村: ja²²kɔ⁵⁵
    • West Hmongic
      • Bunu
        • Dongnu - Qibainong 七百弄: fa⁵³ɣe³³
        • Nunu - Xishan 西山: pi³⁵ʑa³³
        • Numao - Yaolu 瑶麓: ɣei⁵³
      • Core
        • East Luobuohe (Xijia) - Shibanqiao 石板寨: ʔa⁰²ʔji³¹
        • West Luobuohe - Gaozhai 高寨: ʔə⁰²ʔje³¹
        • Huishui - Gaopo 高坡: qə⁰²ʐɛ²⁴
        • Mashan - Zongdi 宗地: ʐæ³²
        • A-Hmao - Shimenpo 石门坡: ʔa⁵⁵və⁵⁵
        • Chuanqiandian - Dananshan 大南山: ʐe⁴³
  • Mienic
    • Mien
      • Guangdian (Jiangdi): lai³¹pjei⁵²
      • Xiangnan (Miaoziyuan): lau³³pei⁵³
    • Kim Mun
      • Diangui (Liangzi): gjau³⁵pjei⁵⁴⁵
      • Fanghai (Tansan): gjaːu³⁵ʔpjɛi⁵⁵
    • Biao Mon
      • Changping: ðau³³plei⁵³
      • Luoxiang: gau³³
    • Biao Min
      • Dongshan: lau³³pli³⁵
      • Shikou: lɔu³³pli³⁵
      • Niuweizhai: ɣau³³pɣui³⁵
    • Dzao Min (Daping): dzu⁴⁴pɛi²⁴

References

  1. ^ Kosaka, Ryuichi (2002) “On the affiliation of Miao-Yao and Kadai: Can we posit the Miao-Dai family?”, in The Mon-Khmer Studies Journal‎, volume 32, pages 71-100
  • Ratliff, Martha (2010) Hmong-Mien language history (Studies in Language Change; 8), Camberra, Australia: Pacific Linguistics, →ISBN.
  • Chen, Qiguang (陈其光) (2013) Miao Yao yuwen (苗瑶语文), Beijing: Minzu chubanshe (民族出版社), →ISBN
  • Mao, Zongwu (毛宗武) (2004) Yaozu Mianyu fangyan yanjiu (瑤族勉语方言研究), Beijing: Minzu chubanshe (民族出版社)
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