Reconstruction:Proto-Hmong-Mien/N-top

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 This Proto-Hmong-Mien entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Hmong-Mien

Noun

*N-top

  1. skin

Descendants

  • Hmongic
    • Pa Hng
      • Pa Hng - Gundong 滚董: qa⁰³lju⁵⁵
      • Hm Nai - Mao'ao 毛坳: qʰau³⁵ŋ̩³³
    • North Hmongic
      • West Xiangxi (Xong) - Layiping 腊乙坪: tə⁴⁴ʑu²²
      • East Xiangxi (Suang) - Xiaozhang 小章: ki⁰³tɕo³³ȵ̩³¹
    • East Hmongic
      • North Qiandong - Yanghao 养蒿: tu³⁵
      • East Qiandong - Caidiwan 菜地湾: to³³
      • South Qiandong - Yaogao 尧告: ljɔ⁴⁴sia³¹
      • West Qiandong (Raojia) - Heba 河坝: ɬjɔ³³
    • Sheic
      • Younuo 优诺: ŋu¹³ku⁵⁴
      • Jiongnai - Longhua 龙华: ŋjo³³kju³⁵
      • Bana 巴那: tɬjeu³⁵ŋ̩³¹³
      • She - Xiashuicun 下水村: jɔ³¹kʰu³³
    • West Hmongic
      • Bunu
        • Dongnu - Qibainong 七百弄: ʔa⁰²to⁵³
        • Nunu - Xishan 西山: naŋ³³ (Tai loanword)
        • Numao - Yaolu 瑶麓: tɕʰou¹³kji⁴⁴
      • Core
        • East Luobuohe (Xijia) - Shibanqiao 石板寨: ʔa⁰²to⁵⁵
        • West Luobuohe - Gaozhai 高寨: qo⁰⁵to⁵⁵
        • Huishui - Gaopo 高坡: qə⁰²tə¹³
        • Mashan - Zongdi 宗地: tə⁴²
        • A-Hmao - Shimenpo 石门坡: pi³³tey³³ȵɦu³⁵
        • Chuanqiandian - Dananshan 大南山: teu⁵⁵ȵo³¹
  • Mienic
    • Mien
      • Guangdian (Jiangdi): dop⁵⁵
      • Xiangnan (Miaoziyuan): dəu⁵⁴
    • Kim Mun
      • Diangui (Liangzi): dop⁵⁴
      • Fanghai (Tansan): doːp³⁵
    • Biao Mon
      • Changping: dop⁵⁴
      • Luoxiang: dup⁴³
    • Biao Min
      • Dongshan: din⁵³
      • Shikou: tɛ³⁵
      • Niuweizhai: dwa⁵⁵
    • Dzao Min (Daping): dip⁴⁴

References

  • Ratliff, Martha (2010) Hmong-Mien language history (Studies in Language Change; 8), Camberra, Australia: Pacific Linguistics, →ISBN.
  • Chen, Qiguang (陈其光) (2013) Miao Yao yuwen (苗瑶语文), Beijing: Minzu chubanshe (民族出版社), →ISBN
  • Mao, Zongwu (毛宗武) (2004) Yaozu Mianyu fangyan yanjiu (瑤族勉语方言研究), Beijing: Minzu chubanshe (民族出版社)
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