Reconstruction:Proto-Hmong-Mien/hmjinˣ

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 This Proto-Hmong-Mien entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Hmong-Mien

Etymology

Compare Proto-Austroasiatic *məɲ (Sidwell, 2024)

Noun

*hmjinˣ

  1. tooth

Descendants

  • Hmongic
    • Pa Hng
      • Pa Hng - Gundong 滚董: ȵ̥i³¹
      • Hm Nai - Mao'ao 毛坳: m̥iŋ³¹³
    • North Hmongic
      • West Xiangxi (Xong) - Layiping 腊乙坪: qo³⁵ɕɛ⁴⁴ (different cognate set)
      • East Xiangxi (Suang) - Xiaozhang 小章: ki⁰³sai⁵⁵ (different cognate set)
    • East Hmongic
      • North Qiandong - Yanghao 养蒿: m̥i³⁵
      • East Qiandong - Caidiwan 菜地湾: mi³³
      • South Qiandong - Yaogao 尧告: kwe⁴⁴
      • West Qiandong (Raojia) - Heba 河坝: me¹³
    • Sheic
      • Younuo 优诺: fen³³
      • Jiongnai - Longhua 龙华: m̥ai⁵³
      • Bana 巴那: muŋ⁴⁴
      • She - Xiashuicun 下水村: mun⁵⁵
    • West Hmongic
      • Bunu
        • Dongnu - Qibainong 七百弄: ʔa⁰²m̥i⁵³
        • Nunu - Xishan 西山: mi³⁵
        • Numao - Yaolu 瑶麓: m̥e¹³
      • Core
        • East Luobuohe (Xijia) - Shibanqiao 石板寨: tə⁰²mi⁵⁵
        • West Luobuohe - Gaozhai 高寨: tə⁰²m̥en⁵⁵
        • Huishui - Gaopo 高坡: m̥ɛ¹³
        • Mashan - Zongdi 宗地: mi²³²
        • A-Hmao - Shimenpo 石门坡: ȵ̥e⁵⁵
        • Chuanqiandian - Dananshan 大南山: n̥a⁵⁵
  • Mienic
    • Biao Min
      • Shikou: mjen³⁵
      • Niuweizhai: mjən³⁵
    • Dzao Min (Daping): a⁴⁴ŋjɛ⁵³

References

  • Ratliff, Martha (2010) Hmong-Mien language history (Studies in Language Change; 8), Camberra, Australia: Pacific Linguistics, →ISBN.
  • Chen, Qiguang (陈其光) (2013) Miao Yao yuwen (苗瑶语文), Beijing: Minzu chubanshe (民族出版社), →ISBN
  • Mao, Zongwu (毛宗武) (2004) Yaozu Mianyu fangyan yanjiu (瑤族勉语方言研究), Beijing: Minzu chubanshe (民族出版社)
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