Reconstruction:Proto-Hmong-Mien/pji

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 This Proto-Hmong-Mien entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Hmong-Mien

Alternative reconstructions

Ostapirat (2016)[1] reconstructs *pˠ- as the Proto-Hmong-Mien initial, and also Proto-Mienic *pˠi.

Noun

*pji

  1. bedbug

Descendants

  • Hmongic
    • Pa Hng
      • Pa Hng - Gundong 滚董: ti⁵⁵
      • Hm Nai - Mao'ao 毛坳: tsʰu³⁵dzuŋ³³
    • North Hmongic
      • West Xiangxi (Xong) - Layiping 腊乙坪: qo³⁵ljɯ⁴⁴ljɯ⁴⁴
      • East Xiangxi (Suang) - Xiaozhang 小章: tsʰəɯ³³dzuŋ¹³
    • East Hmongic
      • North Qiandong - Yanghao 养蒿: kaŋ³³qen³³
      • East Qiandong - Caidiwan 菜地湾: kan²⁴haŋ⁴⁴
      • South Qiandong - Yaogao 尧告: kan¹³tseŋ⁴⁴
      • West Qiandong (Raojia) - Heba 河坝: kæ̃⁴⁴ɕuŋ⁵⁵
    • Sheic
      • Younuo 优诺: kə⁰³pe⁴⁴
      • Jiongnai - Longhua 龙华: pi⁴⁴
      • Bana 巴那: pi¹³
      • She - Xiashuicun 下水村: kwan⁵⁵pi⁵⁵
    • West Hmongic
      • Bunu
        • Dongnu - Qibainong 七百弄: ʔa⁰²ŋkjəŋ³³
        • Nunu - Xishan 西山: ka³³zet³³
        • Numao - Yaolu 瑶麓: kjan³³tsi³³
      • Core
        • East Luobuohe (Xijia) - Shibanqiao 石板寨: tɕin³¹tɕi²⁴qen²⁴
        • West Luobuohe - Gaozhai 高寨: tɕin³¹qʰwɑŋ⁵⁵
        • Huishui - Gaopo 高坡: kõ²⁴lẽ²⁴
        • Mashan - Zongdi 宗地: kua³²ʈɪ²¹
        • A-Hmao - Shimenpo 石门坡: pi⁵⁵kaɯ⁵⁵tʂu³³ta⁵⁵
        • Chuanqiandian - Dananshan 大南山: mo⁴³la⁴³
  • Mienic
    • Mien
      • Guangdian (Jiangdi): pje³³
      • Xiangnan (Miaoziyuan): pje³³
    • Kim Mun
      • Diangui (Liangzi): pi³⁵
      • Fanghai (Tansan): ʔpi³⁵
    • Biao Mon
      • Changping: pi³³
      • Luoxiang: pi³³
    • Biao Min
      • Dongshan: pi³³
      • Shikou: beŋ³³ljɔŋ⁵⁵
      • Niuweizhai: pi⁴⁴
    • Dzao Min (Daping): tsaŋ⁴⁴bɛi⁴⁴

References

  1. ^ Ostapirat, Weera (2016) “Issues in the Reconstruction and Affiliation of Proto-Miao-Yao”, in Language and Linguistics‎, volume 17, number 1, →DOI, pages 133–145
  • Ratliff, Martha (2010) Hmong-Mien language history (Studies in Language Change; 8), Camberra, Australia: Pacific Linguistics, →ISBN.
  • Chen, Qiguang (陈其光) (2013) Miao Yao yuwen (苗瑶语文), Beijing: Minzu chubanshe (民族出版社), →ISBN
  • Mao, Zongwu (毛宗武) (2004) Yaozu Mianyu fangyan yanjiu (瑤族勉语方言研究), Beijing: Minzu chubanshe (民族出版社)
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