Reconstruction:Proto-Hmong-Mien/tshuŋˣ

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 This Proto-Hmong-Mien entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Hmong-Mien

Etymology

Compare Proto-Austroasiatic *cʔaːŋ.

Noun

*tshuŋˣ

  1. bone

Descendants

  • Hmongic
    • Pa Hng
      • Pa Hng - Gundong 滚董: qa⁰³soŋ³¹
      • Hm Nai - Mao'ao 毛坳: qa⁰³suŋ³¹³
    • North Hmongic
      • West Xiangxi (Xong) - Layiping 腊乙坪: qo³⁵soŋ⁴⁴
      • East Xiangxi (Suang) - Xiaozhang 小章: ki⁵⁵saŋ⁵⁵
    • East Hmongic
      • North Qiandong - Yanghao 养蒿: po³⁵sʰoŋ³⁵
      • East Qiandong - Caidiwan 菜地湾: suŋ³³
      • South Qiandong - Yaogao 尧告: sam⁵³
      • West Qiandong (Raojia) - Heba 河坝: sʰuŋ¹³
    • Sheic
      • Younuo 优诺: tʰaŋ³³
      • Jiongnai - Longhua 龙华: θəŋ⁵³
      • Bana 巴那: tɬʰuŋ⁴⁴tɬʰuŋ⁴⁴
      • She - Xiashuicun 下水村: suŋ⁵⁵kɔ⁵⁵
    • West Hmongic
      • Bunu
        • Dongnu - Qibainong 七百弄: ʔa⁰²səŋ⁵³
        • Nunu - Xishan 西山: son³⁵
        • Numao - Yaolu 瑶麓: saŋ¹³
      • Core
        • East Luobuohe (Xijia) - Shibanqiao 石板寨: ʔa⁰²tsʰuŋ⁵⁵
        • West Luobuohe - Gaozhai 高寨: qo⁰⁵tsʰoŋ⁵⁵
        • Huishui - Gaopo 高坡: qə⁰²sʰã¹³
        • Mashan - Zongdi 宗地: saŋ²³²
        • A-Hmao - Shimenpo 石门坡: ʔa³³tsʰaɯ³³
        • Chuanqiandian - Dananshan 大南山: tsʰaŋ⁴⁴
  • Mienic
    • Mien
      • Guangdian (Jiangdi): buŋ⁵²
      • Xiangnan (Miaoziyuan): buŋ⁵³
    • Kim Mun
      • Diangui (Liangzi): tθuŋ⁵⁴⁵
      • Fanghai (Tansan): θuŋ⁵⁵
    • Biao Mon
      • Changping: θoŋ⁵³
      • Luoxiang: θuŋ⁵³
    • Biao Min
      • Dongshan: swə³⁵
      • Shikou: sjɔŋ³⁵
      • Niuweizhai: sɿ³⁵
    • Dzao Min (Daping): a⁴⁴hiŋ²⁴

References

  • Ratliff, Martha (2010) Hmong-Mien language history (Studies in Language Change; 8), Camberra, Australia: Pacific Linguistics, →ISBN.
  • Chen, Qiguang (陈其光) (2013) Miao Yao yuwen (苗瑶语文), Beijing: Minzu chubanshe (民族出版社), →ISBN
  • Mao, Zongwu (毛宗武) (2004) Yaozu Mianyu fangyan yanjiu (瑤族勉语方言研究), Beijing: Minzu chubanshe (民族出版社)
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