Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ǵʰḗr
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This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Indo-European
Etymology
From *ǵʰer- (“to be excited, bristly”) + *-s (root nominal suffix).
Noun
*ǵʰḗr m (oblique stem *ǵʰr̥-)[1][2][3][4][5][6][7]
Inflection
This inflection is speculative. The amphikinetic pattern is reconstructed from the oxytonic oblique forms of Ancient Greek χήρ (khḗr) (gen.sg. χηρός (khērós)).
| Athematic, amphikinetic | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | |||
| nominative | *ǵʰḗr | ||
| genitive | *ǵʰrés | ||
| singular | dual | plural | |
| nominative | *ǵʰḗr | *ǵʰérh₁(e) | *ǵʰéres |
| vocative | *ǵʰér | *ǵʰérh₁(e) | *ǵʰéres |
| accusative | *ǵʰérm̥ | *ǵʰérh₁(e) | *ǵʰérm̥s |
| genitive | *ǵʰrés | *? | *ǵʰróHom |
| ablative | *ǵʰrés | *? | *ǵʰr̥mós, *ǵʰr̥bʰós |
| dative | *ǵʰréy | *? | *ǵʰr̥mós, *ǵʰr̥bʰós |
| locative | *ǵʰér, *ǵʰéri | *? | *ǵʰr̥sú |
| instrumental | *ǵʰréh₁ | *? | *ǵʰr̥mís, *ǵʰr̥bʰís |
Synonyms
Descendants
Related terms
- *ǵʰóryos (“pig”)
References
- ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “g̑hers-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 445-446
- ^ Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), “*ǵʰḗr”, in Encyclopedia of Indo-European culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 264
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “ēr”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 193
- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “χήρ”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume II, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1630
- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “χοῖρος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume II, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1640-1641
- ^ Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “derr”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 61
- ^ Demiraj, B. (1997) “derr”, in Albanische Etymologien: Untersuchungen zum albanischen Erbwortschatz [Albanian Etymologies: ] (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 7) (in German), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, page 131