Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ksnéwti

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 This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

From *kes- (“to scrape, comb”) +‎ *-néwti.

Verb

*ksnéwti (imperfective)[1][2][3][4]

  1. to scrape, sharpen

Inflection

Imperfective, athematic
3rd singular *ksnéwti
3rd plural *ksn̥wénti
Active voice Present indicative Past indicative Imperative Subjunctive Optative
1st singular *ksnéwmi *ksnḗm — *ksnéwoh₂ *ksnuyéh₁m̥
2nd singular *ksnéwsi *ksnéws *ksnéw, *ksnudʰí *ksnéwesi *ksnuyéh₁s
3rd singular *ksnéwti *ksnéwt *ksnéwtu *ksnéweti *ksnuyéh₁t
1st dual *ksnuwós *ksnuwé — *ksnéwowos *ksn̥wih₁wé
2nd dual *ksnutés *ksnutóm *ksnutóm *ksnéwetes *ksn̥wih₁tóm
3rd dual *ksnutés *ksnutā́m *ksnutā́m *ksnéwetes *ksn̥wih₁tā́m
1st plural *ksnumós *ksnumé — *ksnéwomos *ksn̥wih₁mé
2nd plural *ksnuté *ksnuté *ksnuté *ksnéwete *ksn̥wih₁té
3rd plural *ksn̥wénti *ksn̥wént *ksn̥wéntu *ksnéwonti *ksn̥wih₁ént
Participle *ksn̥wónts
Middle voice Present indicative Past indicative Imperative Subjunctive Optative
1st singular *ksnuh₂ér *ksnuh₂é — *ksnéwoh₂er *ksn̥wih₁h₂é
2nd singular *ksnuth₂ér *ksnuth₂é *ksnusó *ksnéweth₂er *ksn̥wih₁th₂é
3rd singular *ksnutór, *ksn̥wór *ksnutó, *ksn̥wó *? *ksnéwetor *ksn̥wih₁tó, *ksn̥wih₁ó
1st dual *ksnuwósdʰh₂ *ksnuwédʰh₂ — *ksnéwowosdʰh₂ *ksn̥wih₁wédʰh₂
2nd dual *? *? *? *? *?
3rd dual *? *? *? *? *?
1st plural *ksnumósdʰh₂ *ksnumédʰh₂ — *ksnéwomosdʰh₂ *ksn̥wih₁médʰh₂
2nd plural *ksnudʰh₂wé *ksnudʰh₂wé *ksnudʰh₂wé *ksnéwedʰh₂we *ksn̥wih₁dʰh₂wé
3rd plural *ksn̥wn̥tór, *ksnurór *ksn̥wn̥tó, *ksnuró *? *ksnéwontor *ksn̥wih₁ró
Participle *ksn̥wm̥h₁nós

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Proto-Anatolian: *ksnū́di
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšnáwti (see there for further descendants)

References

  1. ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “ks-n-eu-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 585
  2. ^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*ksneu̯-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 373
  3. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “novācula”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 414-415
  4. ^ Guus Kroonen (2013) “*snawwa-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 461
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