Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/Hákši

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

From Proto-Indo-European *h₃ókʷs.

*Hákši n

1. (anatomy) eye

• Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hákṣi
  • Sanskrit: अक्षि (ákṣi) (see there for further descendants)
• Proto-Iranian: *Háxši, *Háši
  • Avestan: 𐬀𐬱𐬌 (aši, “both eyes”)
  • Middle Persian: (/⁠aš⁠/, “devil eye”)

    Book Pahlavi script: (ʾš)

    Pazend script: 𐬀𐬱 (aš)

    • Classical Persian: اش (aš, “eye”) (only as compartment in some words; e.g., غاوش (ğâvaš, “(lit.) cow-eye; (agr.) large cucumber, grape”) the word غاو (ğâw) is loaned from eastern Iranian languages and cognate with Classical Persian گاو (gāw) the original one.)
• Proto-Nuristani: (< *HáčiH du)
  • Northern Nuristani:
    • Kamkata-viri:

      Kativiri: ačé

    • Prasuni: ižĩ́, ižī́
  • Southern Nuristani:
    • Ashkun: aćĩ́
    • Tregami: ac̣ĩ́ (with irregular c̣ from Indo-Aryan)
    • Waigali: ačẽ
  • ⇒ Proto-Nuristani: (remodeled after अक्षाणि (akṣāṇi))
    • Northern Nuristani:
      • Kamkata-viri:

        Kamviri: ačẽ́

• Jakob Halfmann (2023) Lād "law": a Bactrian loanword in the Nuristani languages, in Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, London, United Kingdom, page 4