Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/Hrátʰas

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *Hrót-h₂-os, from *Hret- (“to roll”).^[1]

Noun

*Hrátʰas m

chariot

Declension

masculine a-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*Hrátʰas	*Hrátʰā	*Hrátʰā, -ās(as)
vocative	*Hrátʰa	*Hrátʰā	*Hrátʰā, -ās(as)
accusative	*Hrátʰam	*Hrátʰā	*Hrátʰāns
instrumental	*Hrátʰā	*HrátʰaybʰyaH, -ābʰyām	*Hrátʰāyš
ablative	*Hrátʰāt	*HrátʰaybʰyaH, -ābʰyām	*Hrátʰaybʰyas
dative	*Hrátʰāy	*HrátʰaybʰyaH, -ābʰyām	*Hrátʰaybʰyas
genitive	*Hrátʰasya	*Hrátʰayās	*Hrátʰāna(H)m
locative	*Hrátʰay	*Hrátʰayaw	*Hrátʰayšu

Descendants

Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hrátʰas
- Sanskrit: रथ (rátha) (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Iranian: *Hráθah
- Avestan: 𐬭𐬀𐬚𐬀 (raθa)
- Old Persian: (uraθa-)
  - Middle Persian: (/rah/)
    Manichaean: 𐫡𐫍 (rh), 𐫡𐫍𐫏 (rhy)
    
    Book Pahlavi: (ls), (lẖ), (lhy)
- →⇒? Old Armenian: արահետ (arahet)

References

^ Lipp, Reiner (2009) Die indogermanischen und einzelsprachlichen Palatale im Indoiranischen: Neurekonstruktion, Nuristan-Sprachen, Genese der indoarischen Retroflexe, Indoarisch von Mitanni (Indogermanische Bibliothek; 3) (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Winter, page 58: “*rót-h₂/éh₂-”

[1] Lipp, Reiner (2009) Die indogermanischen und einzelsprachlichen Palatale im Indoiranischen: Neurekonstruktion, Nuristan-Sprachen, Genese der indoarischen Retroflexe, Indoarisch von Mitanni (Indogermanische Bibliothek; 3) (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Winter, page 58: “*rót-h₂/éh₂-”

[1]