Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/Hušā́s

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂éwsōs.

Proper noun

*Hušā́s f

dawn
Ushas, goddess of dawn

Declension

consonant stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*Hušā́s	*Hušā́sā́w	*Hušā́sás
vocative	*Hušā́s	*Hušā́sā́w	*Hušā́sás
accusative	*Hušā́sám	*Hušā́sā́w	*Hušā́sás
instrumental	*Hušā́sáH	*Hušā́sbʰyáH, -bʰyā́m	*Hušā́sbʰíš
ablative	*Hušā́sás	*Hušā́sbʰyáH, -bʰyā́m	*Hušā́sbʰyáH
dative	*Hušā́sáy	*Hušā́sbʰyáH, -bʰyā́m	*Hušā́sbʰyáH
genitive	*Hušā́sás	*Hušā́sáwš	*Hušā́sām
locative	*Hušā́sí	*Hušā́sáwš	*Hušā́ssu

Descendants

Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Huṣā́s
- Sanskrit: उषस् (uṣás), उषास् (uṣā́s, nom.sg.) (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Iranian: *Hušā́h
- Central Iranian:
  - Old Avestan: 𐬎𐬱𐬀𐬵 (ušah), 𐬎𐬱𐬃 (ušā̊, “morning light, dawn”, nom.sg.)
    - Younger Avestan: 𐬎𐬱𐬄𐬨 (ušąm), 𐬎𐬱𐬂𐬢𐬵𐬆𐬨 (ušåŋhəm, acc.sg.)
- Northeastern Iranian:
  - Sogdian: ('wš)
- Northwestern Iranian:
  - Parthian: 𐫀𐫇𐫢𐫏𐫁𐫀𐫖 (ʾwšybʾm /⁠ōšebām⁠/)^[1]
  - Kurdish:
    - >? Central Kurdish: ئاسۆ (aso, “horizon; dawn; darkness, dark figure; light”)
    - >? Northern Kurdish: aso (“horizon”)
- Southwestern Iranian:
  - Old Persian: (*ušām)
    - Middle Persian:
      Manichaean: 𐫀𐫇𐫢𐫏𐫁𐫀𐫖 (ʾwšybʾm /⁠ōšebām⁠/)^[1]
      Pahlavi: (ʾwš /⁠ōš⁠/),^[2] (ʾwšbʾm /⁠ōšbām⁠/)^[3]
      - Persian: هوشبام (hušbâm, “the Yazata of dawn in Zoroastrianism”)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Durkin-Meisterernst, Desmond (2004) “ʾwšybʾm”, in A Dictionary of Manichaean Middle Persian and Parthian (Corpus Fontium Manichaeorum; 3.1), Turnhout: Brepols, page 71
^ MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 62
^ MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 62

[ʾwšybʾm-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Durkin-Meisterernst, Desmond (2004) “ʾwšybʾm”, in A Dictionary of Manichaean Middle Persian and Parthian (Corpus Fontium Manichaeorum; 3.1), Turnhout: Brepols, page 71

[2] MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 62

[3] MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 62

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