Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/tŕ̥Hwati

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *térh₂-u-ti ~ *tr̥h₂-w-enti, from *terh₂-. Cognate with Hittite 𒋻𒄴𒍣 (tar-uḫ-zi, “to overpower”).

Verb

*tŕ̥Hwati^[1]^[2]

to overcome
to be able

Descendants

Proto-Indo-Aryan: *tŕ̥Hwati
- Sanskrit: तूर्वति (tū́rvati)
Proto-Iranian: *tŕ̥Hwati^[3]
- Old Avestan: 𐬙𐬀𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬁𐬨𐬁 (ta^uruuaiiāmā, 1pl.subj.act.)
  - Younger Avestan: 𐬙𐬀𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌 (ta^uruuaiieⁱti)
- Khwarezmian: (trw-)
- Parthian: (/⁠tarwēd⁠/)
  Manichaean script: 𐫎𐫡𐫇𐫏𐫅 (ṯrwyd), 𐫤𐫡𐫇𐫏𐫅 (trwyd)
- Northern Kurdish: tewirîn (“pass through, pass by”)
- Middle Persian:
  Manichaean script: 𐫎𐫡𐫇𐫏𐫅 (ṯrwyd /⁠tarwēd⁠/)
  - Bakhtiari: (teristan)

Related terms

References

^ Lubotsky, Alexander (1988) The System of Nominal Accentuation in Sanskrit and Proto-Indo-European‎, Brill, page IIr. √*tarH-u-
^ Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) “tіr(v) {1}”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University: “trH-u-”
^ Cheung, Johnny (2007) “*taru̯”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 384

[1] Lubotsky, Alexander (1988) The System of Nominal Accentuation in Sanskrit and Proto-Indo-European‎, Brill, page IIr. √*tarH-u-

[2] Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) “tіr(v) {1}”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University: “trH-u-”

[3] Cheung, Johnny (2007) “*taru̯”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 384

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