Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/abráh

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Alternative forms

*abryáh

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *abʰrás, from Proto-Indo-European *n̥bʰrós.

Noun

*abráh m^[1]

cloud

Inflection

masculine a-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*abráh	*abrā́	*abrā́
vocative	*abra	*abrā́	*abrā́
accusative	*abrám	*abrā́	*abrā́nh
instrumental	*abrā́	*abráybyaH	*abrā́yš
ablative	*abrā́t	*abráybyaH	*abráybyah
dative	*abrā́y	*abráybyaH	*abráybyah
genitive	*abráhya	*abráyāh	*abrā́nam
locative	*abráy	*abráyaw	*abráyšu

Derived terms

*paryabráh
- Khotanese: (pryaura)
- Sogdo-Bactrian:
  - Khwarezmian: بیرڤیک (byrβyk), بیرڤک (byrβk), بیرفیک (byrfyk), بریڤیک (bryβyk)
  - Sogdian: (/parīβē/)
    Buddhist: (prʾyβʾk), (prʾyβʾy)
    
    Manichaean script: 𐫛𐫡𐫏𐫂𐫏𐫏 (pryβyy)
- Parthian: 𐫁𐫏𐫁𐫡'𐫗 (bybr'n, “clouds”, pl.)

Descendants

Eastern Iranian:
- Avestan: 𐬀𐬡𐬭𐬀 (aβra)
Northeastern Iranian:
- Proto-Scythian: *abrí
  - Khotanese: 𐨀𐨆𐨪 (orä, “sky”)
  - Ossetian: арв (arv, “sky”), ӕвра́гъ (ævráǧ, “cloud”)
- Yagnobi: abr
Southeastern Iranian:
- Pashto: اوره (owrë́), ووره m (wóra)
- Ormuri-Parachi:
  - Ormuri: یېور (yēwər)
  - Parachi: ائیر (a`īr)
- Shughni: (ʰábri)
Northwestern Iranian:
- Baluchi: اور (awr), هور (hawr)
- Komisenian:
  - Sangisari: ارب (arb)
- Kurdish:
  Central Kurdish: ھەور (hewr)
  
  Northern Kurdish: ewr
  
  Southern Kurdish: ئەور (ewr)
- Zaza-Gorani:
  - Gurani: ھەور (hawr)
  - Zazaki: hewr (hawr)
- Median:
  - Middle Median:
    - Alviri-Vidari: اور (evr)
  - Proto-Tatic:
    - Talysh:
      Northern Talysh: av
Southwestern Iranian:
- Larestani: (‘abr)
- Middle Persian: (/abr/)
  Book Pahlavi script: (ʾbl), (ʾpl)
  - Classical Persian: ابر (abr)
    Hazaragi: اور (aúr)
    
    Iranian Persian: ابر (abr)
    
    Tajik: абр (abr)
  - Lurish:
    - Northern Luri: اۏر (ör)
    - Bakhtiari: ٱۋر (aür)
    - Southern Luri: اۋر (aür)

References

^ Novák, Ľubomír (2013) Problem of Archaism and Innovation in the Eastern Iranian Languages (PhD dissertation)‎, Prague: Univerzita Karlova v Praze, filozofická fakulta, page 199

[1] Novák, Ľubomír (2013) Problem of Archaism and Innovation in the Eastern Iranian Languages (PhD dissertation)‎, Prague: Univerzita Karlova v Praze, filozofická fakulta, page 199

[1]

Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/abráh

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