Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/cánhati

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćánsati, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱéns-e-ti, from *ḱens- (“to announce, proclaim”) +‎ *-eti. Cognate with Sanskrit शंसति (śáṃsati, “to declare”), Latin cēnseō and perhaps Ancient Greek κῶμος (kômos).

*cánhati

1. to declare, explain

• *paticánhati
  • Younger Avestan: 𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌𐬯𐬀𐬢𐬵 (paⁱtisaŋh, “to call up, invoke”)
  • ⇒ *paticahwaH (“an answer, explanation”)
    • Pashto: پوښتنه (poṣtena)
    • Baluchi: (pas(s)aw)
    • Kurdish:

      Central Kurdish: پاساو (pasaw)

    • Parthian:

      Manichaean script: 𐫛𐫘𐫇𐫟 (pswx /⁠passox⁠/)

    • Middle Persian:

      Manichaean script: 𐫛𐫘𐫇𐫟 (pswx /⁠passox⁠/)

      Book Pahlavi script: (pshw' /⁠passox⁠/), (pʾshw' /⁠pāsox⁠/)

      • Classical Persian: پاسخ (pāsux)
        • → Georgian: პასუხი (ṗasuxi)
    • → Old Armenian: պատասխանի (patasxani), պատասխան (patasxan)
• *cánhuš (“word, speech”)
  • Old Avestan: 𐬯𐬇𐬧𐬖𐬎 (sə̄ṇγu)
  • Khotanese: saṃja- (“document”)
  • Parthian:

    Manichaean script: 𐫘𐫟𐫇𐫗 (sxwn /⁠saxwan⁠/)

  • Middle Persian: (/saxwan/ "word, speech")

    Manichaean script: 𐫘𐫟𐫇𐫗 (sxwn)

    Book Pahlavi script: (shwn')

    • Persian: سخن (soxan), سخون (saxun)
  • Sogdian: (/⁠saxnu, saxunu, saxwanu⁠/)

    Manichaean script: 𐫘𐫟𐫇𐫗𐫇 (sxwnw)

    Sogdian script: 𐼼γ𐼻𐼴 (sγnw), 𐼼γ𐼴𐼻𐼴 (sγwnw), 𐼼𐼴𐼶𐼻𐼴 (swxnw), 𐼼𐼶𐼴𐼻𐼴 (sxwnw)

    Old Sogdian script: 𐼑γ𐼇𐼎𐼇 (sγwnw), 𐼑𐼇γ𐼎𐼊 (swγny)

    Syriac script: (sγwnw), (swxnw)

Unsorted formations

• Parthian: 𐫃𐫇𐫘𐫀𐫗 (gwsʾn /⁠gōsān⁠/) (possibly)
• → Old Armenian: գովասան (govasan), վիպասան (vipasan) (possibly)

• Central Iranian:
  • Old Avestan: 𐬯𐬇𐬧𐬖𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬍 (sə̄ṇγaⁱtī)
• Northeastern Iranian:
  • Sogdian:
    • Buddhist: (sγwn-, “to utter, recite”)
• Northwestern Iranian:
  • Northern Kurdish: bersiv (“answer”) (from Proto-Iranian *paricahwah)
• Southwestern Iranian:
  • Old Persian: 𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 (θ-a-t-i-y /⁠θatiy⁠/)

• Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 334–335
• Bailey, H. W. (1979) Dictionary of Khotan Saka, Cambridge, London, New York, Melbourne: Cambridge University press, page 417b f.
• Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 326