Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/cwáHdah

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This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

Perhaps an extension of Proto-Indo-European *ḱweh₁-, *ḱewh₁- (to swell, be great). Possible cognate with Avestan 𐬯𐬏𐬌𐬛𐬌𐬌𐬁𐬌 (sūidiiāi, to swell, increase, inf.), Bactrian σοδο (sodo /⁠sūd⁠/, plenty), Middle Persian (swd /⁠sūd⁠/), (swwd /⁠sūd⁠/, profit, advantage), Sanskrit शवस् (śavas, strength, superiority).

Noun

*cwáHdah m

  1. army

Inflection

masculine a-stem
singular dual plural
nominative *cwáHdah *cwáHdā(w) *cwáHdāh(ah)
vocative *cwáHda *cwáHdā(w) *cwáHdāh(ah)
accusative *cwáHdam *cwáHdā(w) *cwáHdānh
instrumental *cwáHdaH *cwáHdaybʰyā(m) *cwáHdāyš
ablative *cwáHdāt *cwáHdaybʰyā(m) *cwáHdaybʰyah
dative *cwáHdāy *cwáHdaybʰyā(m) *cwáHdaybʰyah
genitive *cwáHdahya *cwáHdayāh *cwáHdānaHam
locative *cwáHday *cwáHdayaw *cwáHdayšu

Derived terms

Descendants

References

  1. ^ Kent, Roland G. (1950) “spada-”, in Old Persian: grammar, texts, lexicon, New Haven: American Oriental Society, page 210
  2. ^ Abajev, V. I. (1958) “æfsad | æfsad”, in Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка (in Russian), volume I, Moscow and Leningrad: Academy Press, page 479
  3. ^ ˀsph”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
  • Schmitt, Rüdiger (1987) “Armenia and Iran IV. Iranian influences in Armenian 1. General”, in Ehsan Yarshater, editor, Encyclopædia Iranica, volume 2, London and New York: Routledge & Kegan Paul, page 449b of 445–459