Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/guHθáh

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *guHtʰás.

Noun

*guHθáh^[1]^[2]

excrement

Inflection

masculine a-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*guHθáh	*guHθā́	*guHθā́
vocative	*guHθa	*guHθā́	*guHθā́
accusative	*guHθám	*guHθā́	*guHθā́nh
instrumental	*guHθā́	*guHθáybyaH	*guHθā́yš
ablative	*guHθā́t	*guHθáybyaH	*guHθáybyah
dative	*guHθā́y	*guHθáybyaH	*guHθáybyah
genitive	*guHθáhya	*guHθáyāh	*guHθā́nam
locative	*guHθáy	*guHθáyaw	*guHθáyšu

Descendants

Central Iranian:
- Avestan: 𐬔𐬏𐬚𐬀 (gūθa)
Northeastern Iranian:
- Proto-Saka-Wakhi:
  - Khotanese: (gū)
  - Wakhi: gi
- Sogdo-Bactran:
  - Khwarezmian: (ɣwθ /⁠ɣūθ⁠/)
  - Proto-Sogdic:
    - Sogdian: *ɣūθ
      - ⇒ Sogdian:
        Old Sogdian script: 𐼄𐼇𐼌𐼀𐼊𐼎𐼕𐼆 (ɣwδʾynch /⁠ɣūθēnč⁠/)
    - Yagnobi: ғӯт (ġüt), ғӯта (ġüta)
Southeastern Iranian:
- Munji: غوو (ɣūw)
- Ormuri: (guy)
- Pashto: غول (ǧwul)
- Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami:
  - Proto-Shughni-Roshani:
    - Shughni: ғат̌ (ɣaθ)
  - Yazghulami: ғ̊от̌ (ɣ̊oθ)
Northwestern Iranian:
- Baluchi: گوت (gūt)
- Kermanic:
  Abuzeydabadi, Abyanehi, Badrudi, Chimehi, Farizandi, Tarehi: gū
  
  Abyanehi: gūh
  
  Bidhandi: goh
- Kurdish:
  Central Kurdish: گوو (gû)
  
  Northern Kurdish: gû m
  
  Southern Kurdish: گۊ (gü)
  
  Laki: گۊ (gü), گۊی (güy)
Southwestern Iranian:
- Old Persian: *gūθah^[3]
  - Middle Persian:
    Book Pahlavi script: (gwh /⁠gūh⁠/)
    - Persian: گوه (guh)

References

^ Sadovski, Velizar (2017–2018) “Chapter VI: Iranian”, in Klein, Jared S., Joseph, Brian D., Fritz, Matthias, editors, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics: An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft ; 41.2), Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →ISBN, § The lexicon of Iranian, page 583: “*gūθā̆- < ePIr. *guHϑHa-”
^ Cheung, Johnny (2011) Selected Pashto Problems II. Historical Phonology 1: On Vocalism and Etyma (Iran and the Caucasus)‎, volume 15, numbers 1-2, Brill Academic Publishers, page 181: “*gūθa-”
^ Rezai Baghbidi, Hassan (2017) Middle Persian Historical Phonology, Osaka: Osaka University, page 60: “OP *gūθa-”

[1] Sadovski, Velizar (2017–2018) “Chapter VI: Iranian”, in Klein, Jared S., Joseph, Brian D., Fritz, Matthias, editors, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics: An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft ; 41.2), Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →ISBN, § The lexicon of Iranian, page 583: “*gūθā̆- < ePIr. *guHϑHa-”

[2] Cheung, Johnny (2011) Selected Pashto Problems II. Historical Phonology 1: On Vocalism and Etyma (Iran and the Caucasus)‎, volume 15, numbers 1-2, Brill Academic Publishers, page 181: “*gūθa-”

[3] Rezai Baghbidi, Hassan (2017) Middle Persian Historical Phonology, Osaka: Osaka University, page 60: “OP *gūθa-”

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