Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/máHtā

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This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

From earlier *máHtār, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *máHtā, from Proto-Indo-European *méh₂tēr.

Noun

*máHtā f

  1. mother

Inflection

consonant stem
singular dual plural
nominative *máHtā *máHtarā(w) *máHtarah
vocative *máHtar *máHtarā(w) *máHtarah
accusative *máHtaram *máHtarā(w) *máHθrah
instrumental *máHθraH *máHtr̥bʰyā(m) *máHtr̥bʰiš
ablative *máHtr̥š *máHtr̥bʰyā(m) *máHtr̥bʰyaH
dative *máHθray *máHtr̥bʰyā(m) *máHtr̥bʰyaH
genitive *máHtr̥š *máHtr̥Hāh *máHθraHam
locative *máHtari *máHtr̥Haw *máHtr̥hu

Descendants

  • Central Iranian:
    • Avestan: 𐬨𐬁𐬙𐬀𐬭 (mātar)
  • Northeastern Iranian:
    • Digor Ossetian: мадӕ (madæ)
    • Iron Ossetian: мад (mad)
    • Sogdo-Bacterian:
      • Bactrian: μαδο (mado)
      • Proto-Sogdic:
        • Sogdian: (/⁠māt⁠/)
          Manichaean script: (mʾt)
          Sogdian script: (mʾth)
          Syriac script: (mʾt), (mʾth)
  • Southeastern Iranian:
    • Pashto: مور (mor), مېر (mer)
    • Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami-Munji:
      • Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami:
        • Shughni: (mad)
  • Northwestern Iranian:
    • Baluchi: مات (mát)
    • Kurdish:
      Northern Kurdish: mak, marî
      Central Kurdish: ماک (mak)
      Southern Kurdish: ماێەر (maÿer) (perhaps influenced by Median or Old Azari)
    • Proto-Medo-Parthian:
      • Caspian:
      • Old Median:
      • Parthian: (/⁠māδ(ar)⁠/)
        Manichaean script: (mʾd), (mʾdr)
      • Proto-Zaza-Gorani:
  • Southwestern Iranian:

References

  • Julian Kreidl (2021) “Lambdacism and the development of Old Iranian *t in Pashto”, in Iran and the Caucasus:*mā́tar