Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/tatr̥wáh
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This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Iranian
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *tatr̥wás, from Proto-Indo-European *tetr̥-wó-s, from *teter- (“hen-like bird”) + *-wós, reduplicated onomatopoeia.
Cognate with Sanskrit तित्तिर (tittirá), Ancient Greek τέτραξ (tétrax, “type of bird”), τετράων (tetráōn, “grouse”), Proto-Balto-Slavic *teterwás (“grouse”), Latin turtur, Proto-Celtic *teteros (whence Middle Irish tethra), Proto-Germanic *þeduraz (“wood grouse, capercaillie”) (whence Old Norse þiðurr).
Noun
*tatr̥wáh m
Inflection
| masculine a-stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | dual | plural | |
| nominative | *tatr̥wáh | *tatr̥wā́(w) | *tatr̥wā́h(ah) |
| vocative | *tátr̥wa | *tátr̥wā(w) | *tátr̥wāh(ah) |
| accusative | *tatr̥wám | *tatr̥wā́(w) | *tatr̥wā́nh |
| instrumental | *tatr̥wáH | *tatr̥wáybʰyā(m) | *tatr̥wā́yš |
| ablative | *tatr̥wā́t | *tatr̥wáybʰyā(m) | *tatr̥wáybʰyah |
| dative | *tatr̥wā́y | *tatr̥wáybʰyā(m) | *tatr̥wáybʰyah |
| genitive | *tatr̥wáhya | *tatr̥wáyāh | *tatr̥wā́naHam |
| locative | *tatr̥wáy | *tatr̥wáyaw | *tatr̥wáyšu |
Descendants
- Northeastern Iranian:
- Khotanese: (ttatara, “partridge”)
- Sogdian: (ttr'w /tatarw/, “a kind of bird”)
- Southeastern Iranian:
- Northwestern Iranian:
- Southwestern Iranian:
- Middle Persian:
- Book Pahlavi script: (ttl /tatar(w)/, “pheasant”), *tadurw
- Classical Persian: تذرو (taðarw)
- ⇒ Middle Persian: *tadurug, *tudurāg
- Middle Persian:
References
- ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*þedura-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 535-536
- ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “tat(e)r-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1079
- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “τέτραξ”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1473