Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/pelnō

This Proto-Italic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Italic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *pl̥-né-h₂-ti ~ *pl̥-n-h₂-énti, from *pelh₂- (“to approach”) +‎ *-né-.

Verb

*pelnō first-singular present indicative^[1]

to approach, go to
to bring close

Inflection

Inflection of *pelnō (athematic)
Present	*pelnō
Perfect	*pepolai
Aorist	*pelom
Past participle	*poltos
Present indicative	Active	Passive
1st sing.	*pelnō	*pelnōr
2nd sing.	*pelnas	*pelnazo
3rd sing.	*pelnat	*pelnator
1st plur.	*pelnamos	*pelnamor
2nd plur.	*pelnates	—
3rd plur.	*pelnent	*pelnentor

Present subjunctive	Active	Passive
1st sing.	*pelnām	*pelnār
2nd sing.	*pelnās	*pelnāzo
3rd sing.	*pelnād	*pelnātor
1st plur.	*pelnāmos	*pelnāmor
2nd plur.	*pelnātes	—
3rd plur.	*pelnānd	*pelnāntor

Perfect indicative	Active
1st sing.	*pepolai
2nd sing.	*pepolistai?
3rd sing.	*pepolei
1st plur.	*pepolme?
2nd plur.	*pepole
3rd plur.	*pepolēri

Aorist indicative	Active
1st sing.	*pelom
2nd sing.	*peles
3rd sing.	*peled
1st plur.	*polome
2nd plur.	*polete
3rd plur.	*polond

Present imperative	Active	Passive
2nd sing.	*pelna	*pelnazo
2nd plur.	*pelnate	—

Future imperative	Active
2nd + 3rd sing.	*pelnatōd

Participles	Present	Past
	*pelnants	*poltos

Verbal nouns	tu-derivative	s-derivative
	*poltus	*pelnazi

Alternative reconstructions

*pelnaō

Derived terms

*adpelnō
- Latin: appellō
- Umbrian: 𐌀𐌛𐌐𐌄𐌋𐌕𐌖 (ařpeltu, 3sg. impv.)^[2]

Descendants

Latin: pellō
Umbrian: 𐌀𐌌𐌐𐌄𐌍𐌕𐌖 (ampentu), 𐌀𐌐𐌄𐌍𐌕𐌖 (apentu), 𐌀𐌌𐌐𐌄𐌕𐌖 (ampetu) (3rd singular imperative), 𐌀𐌍𐌐𐌄𐌍𐌄𐌔 (anpenes) (3rd singular future indicative), 𐌀𐌐𐌄𐌋𐌖𐌔𐌕 (apelust), 𐌀𐌐𐌄𐌋𐌖𐌔 (apelus) (3rd singular future perfect)
Venetic: 𐌐𐌏𐌋𐌕𐌏𐌔 (poltos) (past passive participle)

References

^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “pellō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 455-6
^ Kümmel, Martin Joachim (2014) “Etymologie und Phonologie: Umbrisch amboltu”, in Die Sprache (in German), volume 50, number 1, Harrassowitz Publishing House, →DOI, →ISSN, pages 31–43

[1] De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “pellō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 455-6

[2] Kümmel, Martin Joachim (2014) “Etymologie und Phonologie: Umbrisch amboltu”, in Die Sprache (in German), volume 50, number 1, Harrassowitz Publishing House, →DOI, →ISSN, pages 31–43

[1]

[2]

Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/pelnō

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