Reconstruction:Proto-Kartvelian/zoɣwa-

This Proto-Kartvelian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

*zoɣw-a-

1. sea

• Proto-Georgian-Zan:
  • Old Georgian: ზღუაჲ (zɣuay)
    • Georgian: ზღვა (zɣva)
      • → Bats: ზღვა (zɣva)
      • → Laz: ზღვა (zğva)
      • → Mingrelian: ზღვა (zɣva)
  • Zan:
    • Laz: ზუღა (zuğa), მზუღა (mzuğa) — Okordule, Vitse, Lome, მზოღა (mzoğa) — Batumi
      • → Mingrelian: ზუღა (zuɣa) — neologism
    • Mingrelian: (obsolete) ზოღვა (zoɣva), ⇒ ზორღათი (zorɣati, hydronym)
• Svan: ზუღუ̂ა (zuɣûa), ძუღუ̂ა (ʒuɣûa)

• Klimov, G. A. (1998) “*zɣwa-”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Kartvelian Languages (Trends in linguistics. Documentation; 16), New York, Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, page 62
• Penrixi (Fähnrich), Hainc, Sarǯvelaʒe, Zurab (2000) “*zoɣw-”, in Kartvelur enata eṭimologiuri leksiḳoni [Etymological Dictionary of the Kartvelian Languages] (in Georgian), 2nd edition, Tbilisi: Tbilisi Sulkhan-Saba Orbeliani State University Press, pages 217–218
• Fähnrich, Heinz (2007) “*zoɣw-”, in Kartwelisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch [Kartvelian Etymological Dictionary] (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.18) (in German), Leiden, Boston: Brill, pages 177–178
• Čuxua, Merab (2013) “Lazuri zoɣa „zɣva“ puʒis megruli eḳvivalenṭisatvis”, in Arnold čikobavas saḳitxavebi (in Georgian), volume XXIV, Tbilisi, page 74 of 74–76
• Thorsø, Rasmus (2023) Prehistoric loanwords in Armenian: Hurro-Urartian, Kartvelian, and the unclassified substrate‎, PhD dissertation, Leiden University, pages 59-60