Reconstruction:Proto-Mongolic/tarbagan

This Proto-Mongolic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Sometimes connected with Ulch, Nanai тарга (targa, “beaver”), which themselves may be compared with Nivkh тʼаӻр (tʼaġr, “chipmunk”).

Perhaps separable into *tarba- +‎ *-gan, with the second element recurring in other animal names.

*tarbagan

1. marmot

• Middle Mongol:
  • Mongolian: ᠲᠠᠷᠪᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ (tarbaɣan-u) (genitive)
• Mongolian:
  • Classical: ᠲᠠᠷᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ (tarbag-a)
  • Khalkha Mongolian: тарвага (tarvaga)
  • Ordos: /tʰarwaɢa/
• Buryat: тарбага(н) (tarbaga(n))
  • Khamnigan Mongol: тарбага(н)
• Kalmyk: тарвлһн (tarvlğn)
• Daur: tarbeg
• East Yugur: targhwan, tawarghan (Qinglong)
• Monguor:
  • Mangghuer: (tarbaga)
  • Mongghul: tarbugha
• Turkic:
  • → Kazakh: тарбаған (tarbağan)
  • → Khakas: тарбаған (tarbağan)
  • → Southern Altai: тарбаган (tarbagan)
    • → Russian: тарбаган (tarbagan)
      • → English: tarbagan
  • → Yakut: таарбаҕан (taarbağan)
• Tungusic:
  • → Evenki: тарбага̄ (tarbagā)
  • → Even: тарбахан (tarʙahan) (Arman)
  • → Manchu: ᡨᠠᡵᠪᠠᡥᡳ (tarbahi), ᡨᠠᡵᠪᠠᡴᡳ (tarbaki), ᡨᠠᡵᠪᡳᡥᡳ (tarbihi)
  • →Solon: табха (tabha), тарбаха (tarbaha)

• Nugteren, Hans (2011) Mongolic phonology and the Qinghai-Gansu languages (dissertation)‎, Utrecht: LOT, page 512
• Cincius, V. I. (1977) Сравнительный словарь тунгусо-маньчжурских языков [Comparative Dictionary of Tungus-Manchu Languages] (in Russian), volume 2, Leningrad: Nauka, page 167
• Rozycki, William Vincent (1994) Mongol Elements in Manchu (Uralic and Altaic series; 157), Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University, Research Institute for Inner Asian Studies, page 264