Reconstruction:Proto-Ryukyuan/pi

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This Proto-Ryukyuan entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Ryukyuan

Etymology 1

From Proto-Japonic *pi (day).

Noun

*pi

  1. day
Descendants
  • Northern Ryukyuan:
    • Kikai: ()
    • Kunigami: ()
    • Northern Amami Ōshima: (hi)
    • Okinawan: ()
    • Okinoerabu: ()
    • Southern Amami Ōshima: ()
    • Tokunoshima: ()
    • Yoron: ()
  • Southern Ryukyuan:
    • Miyako: (psïï)
    • Yaeyama: (psïï)
    • Yonaguni: (chī)

Etymology 2

From Proto-Japonic *poy (fire).

Noun

*pi

  1. fire
    Synonym: *Omatu
Descendants
  • Northern Ryukyuan:
    • Kunigami: ()
    • Northern Amami Ōshima: (hi) (in compounds)
    • Okinawan: (fī, hī)
    • Southern Amami Ōshima: ()
    • Yoron: (pi) (in compounds)
  • Southern Ryukyuan:
    • Miyako: (psïï)
    • Yaeyama: (pïï)
    • Yonaguni: (chī)

Etymology 3

Speculatively connected to Old Japanese ほと (poto₂, vagina). However, if the hypothesis that the Kojiki and some parts of the Nihon Shoki preserve the A/B distinction of po, it is that po is consistently spelled as 富 <po2>, not 本 <po1>. In this case, the vowels cannot be reconciled phonetically. See also Proto-Sino-Tibetan *b(j)at (vulva).

According to Nakasone (1983, 506), forms with a mid-back vowel Yoron ぽー (, tone class C), Kunigami ぽー (phō, tone class C), Okinawan ほー (, tone class BC), are derived from the following process: poo < powo < poɸo < popo, implying they sprung from a different root with the same initial p-.

Pronunciation

  • Tone class: A

Noun

*pi

  1. vulva
Descendants
  • Northern Ryukyuan:
    • Northern Amami Ōshima:
    • Okinoerabu:
    • Southern Amami Ōshima:
  • Southern Ryukyuan:

References

  • Thorpe, Maner Lawton (1983) Ryūkyūan Language History, Doctoral dissertation. University of Southern California, page 276
  • Thorpe, Maner Lawton (1983) Ryūkyūan Language History, Doctoral dissertation. University of Southern California, page 286