Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/ʔak-

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This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Semitic

Etymology

Compare Central Atlas Tamazight ⴰⴳⴹⵉⴹ (agḍiḍ, bird).

Noun

*ʔak- m or f

  1. owl
  2. raven
  3. vulture

Inflection

Declension of *ʔak-
case singular dual plural
nominative *ʔakum *ʔakāna plural stem + *-ūna
accusative *ʔakam *ʔakayna plural stem + *-īna
genitive *ʔakim
possessive forms
1st person *ʔakī / *ʔakVya *ʔakVni
2nd person m *ʔakVka *ʔakVkumā / *ʔakVkumay *ʔakVkum(ū)
2nd person f *ʔakVki *ʔakVkin(ā)
3rd person m *ʔakVšu *ʔakVšumā / *ʔakVšumay *ʔakVšum(ū)
3rd person f *ʔakVša *ʔakVšin(ā)

the endings -m and -na are dropped in the bound form, which may also undergo syncopation of an unstressed final vowel where possible. Note: the ending -V before the possessive endings responds to case: *ʔakuya for nom. case, *ʔakiya for gen. case, *ʔakaya for acc. case, etc.

Descendants

  • East Semitic:
    • Akkadian: 𒀝𒆪𒌑 (akkû, owl)
  • West Semitic:
    • Central Semitic:
      • Northwest Semitic:
    • Ethiopian Semitic:
      • Amharic: ጉጉት (gugut, owl)
      • Ge'ez: ኳኳ (kʷakʷa, raven)
      • Tigrinya: ኳኵ (kʷakʷ, crow, raven)