Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/ʔalp-

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 This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Semitic

Numeral

Proto-Semitic numbers (edit)
 ←  100  ←  200 1,000 2,000  → 
100
    Cardinal: *ʔalp-

*ʔalp-

  1. thousand

Declension

Declension of *ʔalp-
case singular dual plural
nominative *ʔalpum *ʔalpāna plural stem + *-ūna
accusative *ʔalpam *ʔalpayna plural stem + *-īna
genitive *ʔalpim
possessive forms
1st person *ʔalpī / *ʔalpVya — *ʔalpVni
2nd person m *ʔalpVka *ʔalpVkumā / *ʔalpVkumay *ʔalpVkum(ū)
2nd person f *ʔalpVki *ʔalpVkin(ā)
3rd person m *ʔalpVšu *ʔalpVšumā / *ʔalpVšumay *ʔalpVšum(ū)
3rd person f *ʔalpVša *ʔalpVšin(ā)

the endings -m and -na are dropped in the bound form, which may also undergo syncopation of an unstressed final vowel where possible. Note: the ending -V before the possessive endings responds to case: *ʔalpuya for nom. case, *ʔalpiya for gen. case, *ʔalpaya for acc. case, etc.

Usage notes

The term probably wasn’t strictly a certain number but meant an amount of about this number. In Ethiopian it tends to mean a myriad.

Descendants

Noun

*ʔalp- m (plural *ʔalap-)

  1. head of cattle

Declension

Declension of *ʔalp-
case singular dual plural
nominative *ʔalpum *ʔalpāna *ʔalapūna
accusative *ʔalpam *ʔalpayna *ʔalapīna
genitive *ʔalpim
possessive forms
1st person *ʔalpī / *ʔalpVya — *ʔalpVni
2nd person m *ʔalpVka *ʔalpVkumā / *ʔalpVkumay *ʔalpVkum(ū)
2nd person f *ʔalpVki *ʔalpVkin(ā)
3rd person m *ʔalpVšu *ʔalpVšumā / *ʔalpVšumay *ʔalpVšum(ū)
3rd person f *ʔalpVša *ʔalpVšin(ā)

the endings -m and -na are dropped in the bound form, which may also undergo syncopation of an unstressed final vowel where possible. Note: the ending -V before the possessive endings responds to case: *ʔalpuya for nom. case, *ʔalpiya for gen. case, *ʔalpaya for acc. case, etc.

  • *ʔalap- (“to be familiar with”, verb)
  • *ʔallip- (“to tame, to domesticate; to familiarize, to instruct; to unite, to join”, verb)

Descendants

  • East Semitic:
    • Akkadian: 𒄞 (alpum)
  • West Semitic:
    • Central Semitic:
    • Modern South Arabian:
      • Soqotri: ʾalf (“heifer”)
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