Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/ʕVnz-

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This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Semitic

Noun

*ʕVnz- m or f

  1. goat

Inflection

Masculine

Declension of *ʕVnz-
case singular dual plural
nominative *ʕVnzum *ʕVnzāna plural stem + *-ūna
accusative *ʕVnzam *ʕVnzayna plural stem + *-īna
genitive *ʕVnzim
possessive forms
1st person *ʕVnzī / *ʕVnzVya *ʕVnzVni
2nd person m *ʕVnzVka *ʕVnzVkumā / *ʕVnzVkumay *ʕVnzVkum(ū)
2nd person f *ʕVnzVki *ʕVnzVkin(ā)
3rd person m *ʕVnzVšu *ʕVnzVšumā / *ʕVnzVšumay *ʕVnzVšum(ū)
3rd person f *ʕVnzVša *ʕVnzVšin(ā)

the endings -m and -na are dropped in the bound form, which may also undergo syncopation of an unstressed final vowel where possible. Note: the ending -V before the possessive endings responds to case: *ʕVnzuya for nom. case, *ʕVnziya for gen. case, *ʕVnzaya for acc. case, etc.

Feminine

Declension of *ʕVnz-
case singular dual plural
nominative *ʕVnzum *ʕVnzāna *ʕVnzātum
accusative *ʕVnzam *ʕVnzayna *ʕVnzātim
genitive *ʕVnzim
possessive forms
1st person *ʕVnzī / *ʕVnzVya *ʕVnzVni
2nd person m *ʕVnzVka *ʕVnzVkumā / *ʕVnzVkumay *ʕVnzVkum(ū)
2nd person f *ʕVnzVki *ʕVnzVkin(ā)
3rd person m *ʕVnzVšu *ʕVnzVšumā / *ʕVnzVšumay *ʕVnzVšum(ū)
3rd person f *ʕVnzVša *ʕVnzVšin(ā)

the endings -m and -na are dropped in the bound form, which may also undergo syncopation of an unstressed final vowel where possible. Note: the ending -V before the possessive endings responds to case: *ʕVnzuya for nom. case, *ʕVnziya for gen. case, *ʕVnzaya for acc. case, etc.

Descendants

  • East Semitic:
    • Akkadian: 𒍚 (enzum)
  • West Semitic:
    • Central Semitic:
      • Arabic: عَنْز (ʕanz)
      • Northwest Semitic:
        • Canaanite:
        • Ugaritic: 𐎓𐎇 (ʿz /⁠ʿizzu⁠/)