Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/matḳ-
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This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Semitic
Etymology
See *mataḳ- (“to be sweet”).
Noun
*matḳ- m or f
Inflection
Masculine:
Declension of *matḳ-
| Case | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *matḳum | *matḳāna | plural stem + *-ūna | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Genitive | *matḳim | *matḳayna | plural stem + *-īna | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accusative | *matḳam | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| possessive forms | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1st person | *matḳī / *matḳVya | — | *matḳVni | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2nd person m | *matḳVka | *matḳVkumā / *matḳVkumay | *matḳVkum(ū) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2nd person f | *matḳVki | *matḳVkin(ā) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd person m | *matḳVšu | *matḳVšumā / *matḳVšumay | *matḳVšum(ū) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd person f | *matḳVša | *matḳVšin(ā) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Note: the endings -m and -na are dropped in the bound form, which may also undergo syncopation of an unstressed final vowel where possible.
Note: the ending -V before the possessive endings responds to case: *matḳuya for nom. case, *matḳiya for gen. case, *matḳaya for acc. case, etc. Declension of 2sg m. possessive form (your/thy m.) *matḳ-
Declension of 2sg f. possessive form (your/thy f.) *matḳ-
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Feminine:
Declension of *matḳ-
| Case | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *matḳum | *matḳāna | *mataḳātum | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Genitive | *matḳim | *matḳayna | *mataḳātim | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accusative | *matḳam | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| possessive forms | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1st person | *matḳī / *matḳVya | — | *matḳVni | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2nd person m | *matḳVka | *matḳVkumā / *matḳVkumay | *matḳVkum(ū) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2nd person f | *matḳVki | *matḳVkin(ā) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd person m | *matḳVšu | *matḳVšumā / *matḳVšumay | *matḳVšum(ū) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd person f | *matḳVša | *matḳVšin(ā) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Note: the endings -m and -na are dropped in the bound form, which may also undergo syncopation of an unstressed final vowel where possible.
Note: the ending -V before the possessive endings responds to case: *matḳuya for nom. case, *matḳiya for gen. case, *matḳaya for acc. case, etc. Declension of 2sg m. possessive form (your/thy m.) *matḳ-
Declension of 2sg f. possessive form (your/thy f.) *matḳ-
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Descendants
- East Semitic:
- West Semitic:
Adjective
*matḳ-[2]
Inflection
Declension of *matḳ-
| Case | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| m | f | m | f | m | f | |
| Nominative | *matḳum | *matḳatum | *matḳāna | *matḳatāna | *matḳūna | *matḳātum |
| Genitive | *matḳim | *matḳatim | *matḳayna | *matḳatayna | *matḳīna | *matḳātim |
| Accusative | *matḳam | *matḳatam | ||||
Descendants
- East Semitic:
- Akkadian: 𒆯𒆯 (matqum)
- West Semitic:
References
- ^ Rabin, Chaim (1963) “Hittite Words in Hebrew”, in Orientalia, volume 32, number 2, , page 130
- ^ Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European world, Oxford University Press, page 82: “Proto-Semitic *mVtk- ‘sweet’”