Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/želza
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *gʰelǵʰ-, related to Lithuanian gẽležuones, Old Armenian գեղձք (gełjkʻ).
Noun
Declension
Declension of *žēlzà (hard a-stem, accent paradigm b)
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *žēlzà | *žẽlzě | *žēlzỳ |
| genitive | *žēlzỳ | *žēlzù | *žẽlzъ |
| dative | *žēlzě̀ | *žēlzàma | *žēlzàmъ |
| accusative | *žēlzǫ̀ | *žẽlzě | *žēlzỳ |
| instrumental | *žēlzòjǫ, *žẽlzǫ** | *žēlzàma | *žēlzàmī |
| locative | *žēlzě̀ | *žēlzù | *žēlzàsъ, *žēlzàxъ* |
| vocative | *želzo | *žẽlzě | *žēlzỳ |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Alternative forms
Descendants
From full-grade *želza, *želzda:
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
From zero-grade *žьlza:
- West Slavic:
References
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*želza”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 557
- ^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “žleza”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *želza̋”
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “железа́”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “жлеза, жлега”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 550