Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/dъxnǫti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

From *dъxъ (“breath, sniff”) +‎ *-nǫti, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰews-. Cognate with Lithuanian dùsti (“to suffocate”) (Eastern dialectal), dvė̃sti (“to breathe, to blow”), dūsė́ti (“to breathe heavily”), dūsúoti (“to breathe heavily”), dū́sauti (“to sigh”); Latvian dust (“to gasp”), dvèst (“to breathe heavily”); Gothic 𐌳𐌹𐌿𐍃 (dius, “wild animal”), English deer.

*dъxnǫti pf (imperfective *dyšati)^[1][2]

1. to breathe
2. to blow

• *jьzdъxnǫti (“to breathe out, (figuratively) to die”)
• *nadъxnǫti (“to excite, to inoculate”)
• *vъzdъxnǫti (“to sigh”)
• *vъdъxnǫti (“to inspire”)
  • *vъdъxnovenъ (“inspired”)
  • *vъdъxnovenьje (“inspiration”)
  • *vъdъxnoviteľь (“inspirator”)

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: дъхнꙋти (dŭxnuti)
    • Belarusian: до́хнуць (dóxnucʹ, “to croak, to die”)
    • Russian: дохну́ть (doxnútʹ, “to breathe, to blow”), до́хнуть (dóxnutʹ, “to croak, to die”)
    • Ukrainian: дохну́ти (doxnúty, “to sigh”), дхну́ти (dxnúty, “to breathe”), до́хнути (dóxnuty, “to croak, to die”)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Cyrillic: дъхнѫти (dŭxnǫti)

    Glagolitic: ⰄⰟⰘⰐⰨⰕⰋ (DŬXNǪTI)

  • Bulgarian: дъ́хна (dǎ́hna)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: да̀хнути

    Latin script: dàhnuti

  • Slovene: dəhníti, dáhniti (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Czech: dchnout, dechnout, tchnout
  • Polish: tchnąć
  • Kashubian: dchnąc, tchnąc
  • Slovak: dochnúť

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “дохну́ть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1978), “*dъxnǫti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 5 (*dělo – *dьržьlь), Moscow: Nauka, page 177