Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/dręzga
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology 1
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *drenskāˀ, of onomatopoeic origin, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dʰren- (“to buzz”) + *-zgъ.
Probably related to Sanskrit ध्रणति (dhráṇati, “to sound”), Old Irish drésacht (“crackling, noise”), German trensen (“to make a prolonged moo”), Dutch drenzen (“to moan”), Ancient Greek θρῆνος (thrênos, “lamentation for the deceased”), Proto-Germanic *drēnuz (“drone”), Gothic 𐌳𐍂𐌿𐌽𐌾𐌿𐍃 (drunjus, “sound”), Old Prussian droanse (“corncrake”).
Noun
*dręzga f
Alternative forms
- *dręzgъ m (possibly)
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *dręzga | *dręzdzě | *dręzgy |
| genitive | *dręzgy | *dręzgu | *dręzgъ |
| dative | *dręzdzě | *dręzgama | *dręzgamъ |
| accusative | *dręzgǫ | *dręzdzě | *dręzgy |
| instrumental | *dręzgojǫ, *dręzgǫ** | *dręzgama | *dręzgami |
| locative | *dręzdzě | *dręzgu | *dręzgasъ, *dręzgaxъ* |
| vocative | *dręzgo | *dręzdzě | *dręzgy |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Related terms
- *drьnъ (“clang, tang”)
- *dьrnъkati (“to clatter”)
Derived terms
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Russian: дрязги (drjazgi)
- South Slavic:
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “дрязг”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “дрезгав¹”, in Български етимологичен речник (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 424
Etymology 2
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *drengskāˀ, probably equivalent to the e-grade of *drǫgъ (“pole, branch”) + *-zgъ + *-a, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰreng- (“to shove, to drink”)/*dʰrengʰ- (“stake”). Possibly akin to Lithuanian dréngti (“to tear, to rub”) and Proto-Germanic *drankiz (“sth gulped/shoved in one's mouth, drink”), Proto-Germanic *drangijaz (“stake”). In some dialects overlapping with Proto-Slavic *drězga (“murky, muddy place”).
Semantically similar to *dьraka (“bush, scrubs”) but the two are likely unrelated.
Noun
*drę̀zga f
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *dręzga | *dręzdzě | *dręzgy |
| genitive | *dręzgy | *dręzgu | *dręzgъ |
| dative | *dręzdzě | *dręzgama | *dręzgamъ |
| accusative | *dręzgǫ | *dręzdzě | *dręzgy |
| instrumental | *dręzgojǫ, *dręzgǫ** | *dręzgama | *dręzgami |
| locative | *dręzdzě | *dręzgu | *dręzgasъ, *dręzgaxъ* |
| vocative | *dręzgo | *dręzdzě | *dręzgy |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Related terms
- *dręgati (“to poke”)
Derived terms
- *dręzgakъ (“grove”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1978), “*dręzga/dręzgъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков (in Russian), numbers 5 (*dělo – *dьržьlь), Moscow: Nauka, page 113
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “дрезга”, in Български етимологичен речник (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 423
References
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2015) “drengti II”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 139