Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/dvigati

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 This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Vasmer marks the word as unclear, though mentions the possibility of relation to Proto-West Germanic *twikkijan (“to fasten, pinch”). According to one theory, from *d(ъ)vigъ (“branching, buttress serving as lever”), from *d(ъ)va (“two”) +‎ *-igъ; levers used to raise objects often have bifurcating structures. Compare German Zweig (“branch < branching”), from Zwei (“two”).

The loss of -v- in South Slavic is secondary. For a similar phenomenon, compare Serbo-Croatian storiti (“to do, to commit”), Bulgarian сторя (storja, “to do”) < *sъtvoriti.

Verb

*dvigati impf (perfective *dvignǫti)

  1. to raise, lift, move up

Conjugation

Conjugation of *dvigati, *dviga, *dvižetь (impf., -a/j-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*dviganьje *dvigati *dvigatъ *dvigalъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *dviganъ *dvižemъ
Active *dvigavъ *dvižę
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *dvigaxъ *dviga *dviga *dvižǫ *dvižeši *dvižetь
Dual *dvigaxově *dvigasta *dvigaste *dviževě *dvižeta *dvižete
Plural *dvigaxomъ *dvigaste *dvigašę *dvižemъ *dvižete *dvižǫtь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *dvigaaxъ *dvigaaše *dvigaaše — *dviži *dviži
Dual *dvigaaxově *dvigaašeta *dvigaašete *dviživě *dvižita —
Plural *dvigaaxomъ *dvigaašete *dvigaaxǫ *dvižimъ *dvižite —
Conjugation of *dvigati, *dviga, *dvigajetь (impf., -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*dviganьje *dvigati *dvigatъ *dvigalъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *dviganъ *dvigajemъ
Active *dvigavъ *dvigaję
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *dvigaxъ *dviga *dviga *dvigajǫ *dvigaješi *dvigajetь
Dual *dvigaxově *dvigasta *dvigaste *dvigajevě *dvigajeta *dvigajete
Plural *dvigaxomъ *dvigaste *dvigašę *dvigajemъ *dvigajete *dvigajǫtь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *dvigaaxъ *dvigaaše *dvigaaše — *dvigaji *dvigaji
Dual *dvigaaxově *dvigaašeta *dvigaašete *dvigajivě *dvigajita —
Plural *dvigaaxomъ *dvigaašete *dvigaaxǫ *dvigajimъ *dvigajite —

Alternative forms

See also

Derived terms

Descendants

*dvigati:

*dviťi:

References

  1. ^ Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “двигать”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  2. ^ Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1978), “*dvig(a)ti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков (in Russian), numbers 5 (*dělo – *dьržьlь), Moscow: Nauka, page 168
  3. ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “dvigati: dvižǫ dvižetь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (PR 133)”
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