From Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰh₂éns (“goose”), though the exact path is disputed. Two theories:
singular | dual | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | *gǫ̑sь | *gǫ̑si | *gǫ̑si |
genitive | *gǫsí | *gǫsьjù, *gǫšu* | *gǫsь̀jь |
dative | *gǫ̑si | *gǫsьmà | *gǫ̑sьmъ |
accusative | *gǫ̑sь | *gǫ̑si | *gǫ̑si |
instrumental | *gǫsьjǫ́ | *gǫsьmà | *gǫsьmì |
locative | *gǫsí | *gǫsьjù, *gǫšu* | *gǫ̑sьxъ |
vocative | *gǫsi | *gǫ̑si | *gǫ̑si |
* The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
From *gǫ̑sь (“goose”) + *-ьjь.
singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | *gǫsь | *gǫsa | *gǫse |
genitive | *gǫsa | *gǫsę̇ | *gǫsa |
dative | *gǫsu | *gǫsi | *gǫsu |
accusative | *gǫsь | *gǫsǫ | *gǫse |
instrumental | *gǫsemь | *gǫsejǫ | *gǫsemь |
locative | *gǫsi | *gǫsi | *gǫsi |
vocative | *gǫsu | *gǫse | *gǫse |
dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
nominative | *gǫsa | *gǫsi | *gǫsi |
genitive | *gǫsu | *gǫsu | *gǫsu |
dative | *gǫsema | *gǫsama | *gǫsema |
accusative | *gǫsa | *gǫsi | *gǫsi |
instrumental | *gǫsema | *gǫsama | *gǫsema |
locative | *gǫsu | *gǫsu | *gǫsu |
vocative | *gǫsa | *gǫsi | *gǫsi |
plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
nominative | *gǫsi | *gǫsę̇ | *gǫsa |
genitive | *gǫsь | *gǫsь | *gǫsь |
dative | *gǫsemъ | *gǫsamъ | *gǫsemъ |
accusative | *gǫsę̇ | *gǫsę̇ | *gǫsa |
instrumental | *gǫsi | *gǫsami | *gǫsi |
locative | *gǫsixъ | *gǫsaxъ | *gǫsixъ |
vocative | *gǫsi | *gǫsę̇ | *gǫsa |
singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | *gǫsьjь | *gǫsaja | *gǫseje |
genitive | *gǫsajego | *gǫsę̇ję̇ | *gǫsajego |
dative | *gǫsujemu | *gǫsiji | *gǫsujemu |
accusative | *gǫsьjь | *gǫsǫjǫ | *gǫseje |
instrumental | *gǫsijimь | *gǫsǫjǫ | *gǫsijimь |
locative | *gǫsijemь | *gǫsiji | *gǫsijemь |
vocative | *gǫsьjь | *gǫsaja | *gǫseje |
dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
nominative | *gǫsaja | *gǫsiji | *gǫsiji |
genitive | *gǫsuju | *gǫsuju | *gǫsuju |
dative | *gǫsijima | *gǫsijima | *gǫsijima |
accusative | *gǫsaja | *gǫsiji | *gǫsiji |
instrumental | *gǫsijima | *gǫsijima | *gǫsijima |
locative | *gǫsuju | *gǫsuju | *gǫsuju |
vocative | *gǫsaja | *gǫsiji | *gǫsiji |
plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
nominative | *gǫsiji | *gǫsę̇ję̇ | *gǫsaja |
genitive | *gǫsьjixъ | *gǫsьjixъ | *gǫsьjixъ |
dative | *gǫsijimъ | *gǫsijimъ | *gǫsijimъ |
accusative | *gǫsę̇ję̇ | *gǫsę̇ję̇ | *gǫsaja |
instrumental | *gǫsijimi | *gǫsijimi | *gǫsijimi |
locative | *gǫsijixъ | *gǫsijixъ | *gǫsijixъ |
vocative | *gǫsiji | *gǫsę̇ję̇ | *gǫsaja |