Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gъrdъ
Hello, you have come here looking for the meaning of the word Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gъrdъ. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gъrdъ, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gъrdъ in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gъrdъ you have here. The definition of the word Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gъrdъ will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition ofReconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gъrdъ, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
 |
This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Derksen reconstructs Proto-Balto-Slavic *gurˀdus, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷr̥dus, *gʷrd-o- (“slow, heavy, tired”), see also Lithuanian gurdùs, Latvian gur̃ds (“tired”), Ancient Greek βραδύς (bradús, “slow”). The problem here is Slavic mobility with circumflex.
To ameliorate the problem, Matasović proposes to derive the word from an old compound *gʷrH-dʰh₁o, derived from Proto-Indo-European *gʷerH- (“'to express approval, praise'”) and Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁- (“'to do, make, put'”), with the semantic shift of 'making praises' > 'haughty, prepotent' > 'proud'. An exact parallel of the form can also be found in Proto-Celtic *bardos (“'bard'”), whence also English bard.
Adjective
Inflection
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *gъ̑rdъ | *gъ̑rda | *gъ̑rdo |
| genitive | *gъ̑rda | *gъ̑rdy | *gъ̑rda |
| dative | *gъ̑rdu | *gъ̑rdě | *gъ̑rdu |
| accusative | *gъ̑rdъ | *gъ̑rdǫ | *gъ̑rdo |
| instrumental | *gъ̑rdomь | *gъ̑rdojǫ | *gъ̑rdomь |
| locative | *gъ̑rdě | *gъ̑rdě | *gъ̑rdě |
| vocative | *gъ̑rde | *gъ̑rdo | *gъ̑rdo |
| dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *gъ̑rda | *gъ̑rdě | *gъ̑rdě |
| genitive | *gъ̑rdu | *gъ̑rdu | *gъ̑rdu |
| dative | *gъ̑rdoma | *gъ̑rdama | *gъ̑rdoma |
| accusative | *gъ̑rda | *gъ̑rdě | *gъ̑rdě |
| instrumental | *gъ̑rdoma | *gъ̑rdama | *gъ̑rdoma |
| locative | *gъ̑rdu | *gъ̑rdu | *gъ̑rdu |
| vocative | *gъ̑rda | *gъ̑rdě | *gъ̑rdě |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *gъ̑rdi | *gъ̑rdy | *gъ̑rda |
| genitive | *gъ̑rdъ | *gъ̑rdъ | *gъ̑rdъ |
| dative | *gъ̑rdomъ | *gъ̑rdamъ | *gъ̑rdomъ |
| accusative | *gъ̑rdy | *gъ̑rdy | *gъ̑rda |
| instrumental | *gъ̑rdy | *gъ̑rdami | *gъ̑rdy |
| locative | *gъ̑rděxъ | *gъ̑rdaxъ | *gъ̑rděxъ |
| vocative | *gъ̑rdi | *gъ̑rdy | *gъ̑rda |
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “го́рдый”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
References
- ^ Sukac, R. (2014). Possibly related to Latin gurdus. Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and Balto-Slavic Accentology. United Kingdom: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, p. 177
- ^ (Can we date this quote?), Ranko Matasović, “Seven Slavic etymologies: *ędro, *gъrdъ, *koristь, *kosъ, *myslь, *naglъ, *němъ”, in Perspectives of Slavonic Etymology:
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*gъ̑rdъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 198: “adj. o (c) ‘proud’”
- ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “gъrdъ gъrda gъrdo”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c stolt (SA 111; PR 138)”