Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kalokalǫga
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Derived from a reduplication of *kal-kal- + *-ǫga, from *kalъ (“mud, dirt”).
Noun
*kalokalǫga f[1]
Inflection
Declension of *kalokalǫga (hard a-stem)
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *kalokalǫga | *kalokalǫdzě | *kalokalǫgy |
| genitive | *kalokalǫgy | *kalokalǫgu | *kalokalǫgъ |
| dative | *kalokalǫdzě | *kalokalǫgama | *kalokalǫgamъ |
| accusative | *kalokalǫgǫ | *kalokalǫdzě | *kalokalǫgy |
| instrumental | *kalokalǫgojǫ, *kalokalǫgǫ** | *kalokalǫgama | *kalokalǫgami |
| locative | *kalokalǫdzě | *kalokalǫgu | *kalokalǫgasъ, *kalokalǫgaxъ* |
| vocative | *kalokalǫgo | *kalokalǫdzě | *kalokalǫgy |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: *калокалѫга (*kalokalǫga)
- Old Ruthenian: *калакалу́ша (*kalakalúša)
- Belarusian: калакалу́ша (kalakalúša); калакалу́ха (kalakalúxa), какалу́ха (kakalúxa), какалу́га (kakalúha), какалу́ша (kakalúša), калу́ша (kalúša) (dialectal)
- Ukrainian: калакалу́ша (kalakalúša); колоколу́ша (kolokolúša) (dialectal)
- Russian: калакалу́га (kalakalúga), калакалу́ха (kalakalúxa), калакалу́ша (kalakalúša), какалу́ша (kakalúša), колоколуша (kolokoluša), колоколуха (kolokoluxa), колокуша (kolokuša) (dialectal)
- Old Ruthenian: *калакалу́ша (*kalakalúša)
- Old East Slavic: *калокалѫга (*kalokalǫga)
References
- ^ Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1983), “*kalokalǫga”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 9 (*jьz – *klenьje), Moscow: Nauka, page 125
Further reading
- Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1985), “калакалуша”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volume 2 (Д – Копці), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
- Martynaŭ, V. U., editor (1988), “калакалу́ша”, in Этымалагічны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Etymological Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), volumes 4 (К – ка́ята), Minsk: Navuka i technika
- Martynaŭ, V. U., editor (1988), “какалу́га”, in Этымалагічны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Etymological Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), volumes 4 (К – ка́ята), Minsk: Navuka i technika
- Martynaŭ, V. U., editor (1988), “калу́ша”, in Этымалагічны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Etymological Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), volumes 4 (К – ка́ята), Minsk: Navuka i technika