Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/ni

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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

    From Proto-Balto-Slavic *nei, from Proto-Indo-European *nе́y, a locative case of Proto-Indo-European *né (not). Cognate with Latvian and Lithuanian nei and related to Latin , Proto-Germanic *nai.

    Conjunction

    *ni

    1. neither, nor
      Synonym: *i ne

    Usage notes

    Corresponds to the conjunction meaning of neither ... nor ... For emphasize, the form Proto-Slavic *ni to could be used instead. The adverb function of neither (not even) is principally expressed by Proto-Slavic *ni že, however, *ni is also applicable in this sense.

    Descendants

    • East Slavic:
      • Old East Slavic: ни (ni)
        • Old Ruthenian: ни (ni)
          • Belarusian: ні (ni)
          • Carpathian Rusyn: ни (ny)
          • Ukrainian: ні (ni)
        • Russian: ни (ni)
    • South Slavic:
      • Old Church Slavonic:
        Old Cyrillic script: ни (ni)
        Glagolitic script: ⱀⰹ (ni)
      • Bulgarian: ни (ni)
      • Macedonian: ни (ni)
      • Serbo-Croatian:
        Cyrillic script: ни, ⇒ ни̏ти
        Latin script: ni, ⇒ nȉti
      • Slovene: niti
    • West Slavic:
      • Czech: ni (archaic)
      • Polish: ni
        • Polish: ani
      • Old Slovak: ni (archaic)
        • Pannonian Rusyn: анї (anji)
        • Slovak: ani
      • Sorbian:
        • Upper Sorbian: ni, nje
        • Lower Sorbian: ni

    Further reading

    • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1999), “*ni”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков (in Russian), numbers 25 (*neroditi – *novotьnъ(jь)), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 106
    • Georgiev, Vladimir I., Duridanov, I. V., editors (1995), “ни¹”, in Български етимологичен речник (in Bulgarian), volume 4 (мѝнго² – па̀дам), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 635

    Adverb

    *ni

    1. not even

    Derived terms

    Further reading

    • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1999), “*ni by”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков (in Russian), numbers 25 (*neroditi – *novotьnъ(jь)), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 106
    • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1999), “*ni edinъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков (in Russian), numbers 25 (*neroditi – *novotьnъ(jь)), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 107
    • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1999), “*ni že”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков (in Russian), numbers 25 (*neroditi – *novotьnъ(jь)), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 108
    • Georgiev, Vladimir I., Duridanov, I. V., editors (1995), “нима”, in Български етимологичен речник (in Bulgarian), volume 4 (мѝнго² – па̀дам), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 650

    References

    1. ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*ni”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 352:conj., ptcl ‘nor, not’
    2. ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “ni”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander:(pcl.) (PR 146)