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Probably an Iranian borrowing; compare Old Persian𐎼𐎠𐎮𐎡𐎹(r-a-di-i-y/rādiy/, “on the account of”). Descended from the Proto-Indo-European root
*r̥ / *rō / *rō-dʰi, for (enclitic), "for the purpose of", Ved. r̥ and OCS ради.
^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*radi”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 432: “postp. ‘for the sake of ’”
Further reading
Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “ради”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “ради”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 2 (панцирь – ящур), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 93