Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/rudъ
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *raudas, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rowdʰ-o-, from *h₁rewdʰ-.
Baltic cognates include Lithuanian raũdas (“reddish brown, bay, reddish”), Latvian raũds (“red, reddish brown, light bay”).
Indo-European cognates include Latin dial. rūfus (“red-haired, reddish”), Proto-Germanic *raudaz (“red”).
Adjective
*rȗdъ[1]
Inflection
Accent paradigm c.
Indefinite declension of *rudъ (hard)
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *rudъ | *ruda | *rudo |
| genitive | *ruda | *rudy | *ruda |
| dative | *rudu | *rudě | *rudu |
| accusative | *rudъ | *rudǫ | *rudo |
| instrumental | *rudomь | *rudojǫ | *rudomь |
| locative | *rudě | *rudě | *rudě |
| vocative | *rude | *rudo | *rudo |
| dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *ruda | *rudě | *rudě |
| genitive | *rudu | *rudu | *rudu |
| dative | *rudoma | *rudama | *rudoma |
| accusative | *ruda | *rudě | *rudě |
| instrumental | *rudoma | *rudama | *rudoma |
| locative | *rudu | *rudu | *rudu |
| vocative | *ruda | *rudě | *rudě |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *rudi | *rudy | *ruda |
| genitive | *rudъ | *rudъ | *rudъ |
| dative | *rudomъ | *rudamъ | *rudomъ |
| accusative | *rudy | *rudy | *ruda |
| instrumental | *rudy | *rudami | *rudy |
| locative | *ruděxъ | *rudaxъ | *ruděxъ |
| vocative | *rudi | *rudy | *ruda |
Definite declension of *rudъ (hard)
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *rudъjь | *rudaja | *rudoje |
| genitive | *rudajego | *rudyję̇ | *rudajego |
| dative | *rudujemu | *ruději | *rudujemu |
| accusative | *rudъjь | *rudǫjǫ | *rudoje |
| instrumental | *rudyjimь | *rudǫjǫ | *rudyjimь |
| locative | *rudějemь | *ruději | *rudějemь |
| vocative | *rudъjь | *rudaja | *rudoje |
| dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *rudaja | *ruději | *ruději |
| genitive | *ruduju | *ruduju | *ruduju |
| dative | *rudyjima | *rudyjima | *rudyjima |
| accusative | *rudaja | *ruději | *ruději |
| instrumental | *rudyjima | *rudyjima | *rudyjima |
| locative | *ruduju | *ruduju | *ruduju |
| vocative | *rudaja | *ruději | *ruději |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *rudiji | *rudyję̇ | *rudaja |
| genitive | *rudъjixъ | *rudъjixъ | *rudъjixъ |
| dative | *rudyjimъ | *rudyjimъ | *rudyjimъ |
| accusative | *rudyję̇ | *rudyję̇ | *rudaja |
| instrumental | *rudyjimi | *rudyjimi | *rudyjimi |
| locative | *rudyjixъ | *rudyjixъ | *rudyjixъ |
| vocative | *rudiji | *rudyję̇ | *rudaja |
Related terms
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
See also
| *bělъ (of animals) *bronъ |
*sivъ, *śěrъ, *śědъ | *čьrnъ, *smaglъ, *smǫglъ (of animals) *vornъ, *galъ |
| *čьrvenъ, *ryďь, *ruměnъ | *rudъ, *granivъ; *smědъ (of animals) *gnědъ |
*žьltъ (of animals) *solvъ; *polvъ |
| *zelenъ | *zelenъ, *grěnъ | |
| *polvъ | *siňь; *modrъ | |
| *slivъ | *bagrъ |
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “рудый”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
References
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*rȗdъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 440: “adj. o (c)”