Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/skvara
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Possibly related to Proto-Slavic *skverti (“to blemish, to thaw”) or via s-mobile to Proto-Slavic *kvara (“taint, deformity”), *kuriti (“to smoke”), *kura (“duststorm, blizzard”) (in East Slavic). Vasmer does not exclude onomatopoeic origin (cf. Proto-Slavic *(s)kvьrъ (“creak”)).
Noun
*skvara f
- conflagration, scorch
- (by extension) fume, haze (from pyre, bonfire)
- Synonym: *čadъ
Alternative forms
- *skvarъ m
Inflection
Declension of *skvara (hard a-stem)
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *skvara | *skvarě | *skvary |
| genitive | *skvary | *skvaru | *skvarъ |
| dative | *skvarě | *skvarama | *skvaramъ |
| accusative | *skvarǫ | *skvarě | *skvary |
| instrumental | *skvarojǫ, *skvarǫ** | *skvarama | *skvarami |
| locative | *skvarě | *skvaru | *skvarasъ, *skvaraxъ* |
| vocative | *skvaro | *skvarě | *skvary |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Derived terms
- *skvariti (“to scorch, to sear”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic: сквара (skvara)
- >? Bulgarian: чква́ра (čkvára, “calamity”) (dialectal)
- Serbo-Croatian: цква̏ра
- Slovene: skvárа (tonal orthography)
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “сква́ра”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Melnychuk, O. S., editor (2006), “сквар”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volume 5 (Р – Т), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, →ISBN, page 268
- Snoj, Marko (2016) “cvrẹ́ti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si