Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/tъlmačiti
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Verb
*tъlmačiti
- (transitive, intransitive) to interpret, to translate
- Synonyms: *perklasti, *pervesti
- (transitive) to explain
Inflection
Conjugation of *tъlmačiti, *tъlmači, *tъlmačitь (?, -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *tъlmačenьje | *tъlmačiti | *tъlmačitъ | *tъlmačilъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *tъlmačenъ | *tъlmačimъ |
| Active | *tъlmačь | *tъlmačę |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *tъlmačixъ | *tъlmači | *tъlmači | *tъlmačǫ | *tъlmačiši | *tъlmačitь |
| Dual | *tъlmačixově | *tъlmačista | *tъlmačiste | *tъlmačivě | *tъlmačita | *tъlmačite |
| Plural | *tъlmačixomъ | *tъlmačiste | *tъlmačišę | *tъlmačimъ | *tъlmačite | *tъlmačętь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *tъlmačaaxъ | *tъlmačaaše | *tъlmačaaše | — | *tъlmači | *tъlmači |
| Dual | *tъlmačaaxově | *tъlmačaašeta | *tъlmačaašete | *tъlmačivě | *tъlmačita | — |
| Plural | *tъlmačaaxomъ | *tъlmačaašete | *tъlmačaaxǫ | *tъlmačimъ | *tъlmačite | — |
- Notes:
- (*)*tъlmačivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: тълмачити (tŭlmačiti)
- Russian: толма́чить (tolmáčitʹ)
- Ukrainian: товма́чити (tovmáčyty)
- Old East Slavic: тълмачити (tŭlmačiti)
- South Slavic
- Macedonian: то́лмачи (tólmači) (archaic)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Slovene: tolmáčiti (tonal orthography)
- West Slavic
- Old Czech: tlumačiti
- Czech: tlumočit
- Kashubian: tłomaczëc, tłómaczëc
- Old Polish: tłumaczyć
- Polish: tłumaczyć
- → Belarusian: тлума́чыць (tlumáčycʹ)
- → Ukrainian: тлума́чити (tlumáčyty)
- Polish: tłumaczyć
- Slovak: tlmočiť
- Sorbian:
- Upper Sorbian: tołmačić
- Old Czech: tlumačiti
- Non-Slavic:
- → Romanian: tălmăci
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “толма́ч”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress