Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/tъlpa
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic, related to Lithuanian talpa (“capacity”), Lithuanian talpinti (“to put, to set”).
Noun
*tъlpa f
Declension
Declension of *tъlpa (hard a-stem)
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *tъlpa | *tъlpě | *tъlpy |
| genitive | *tъlpy | *tъlpu | *tъlpъ |
| dative | *tъlpě | *tъlpama | *tъlpamъ |
| accusative | *tъlpǫ | *tъlpě | *tъlpy |
| instrumental | *tъlpojǫ, *tъlpǫ** | *tъlpama | *tъlpami |
| locative | *tъlpě | *tъlpu | *tъlpasъ, *tъlpaxъ* |
| vocative | *tъlpo | *tъlpě | *tъlpy |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Russian: толпа́ (tolpá)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic: тлъпа (tlŭpa)
- Bulgarian: тълпа́ (tǎlpá)
- Macedonian: толпа (tolpa)
- Slovene: tólpa (“gang”) (tonal orthography)
- West Slavic:
References
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “толпа”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress