Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/zvoniti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From *zvonъ +‎ *-iti.

Verb

*zvoniti impf (perfective *zazvoniti)

to ring

Inflection

Conjugation of *zvoniti, *zvoni, *zvonitь (impf., -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*zvoňenьje	*zvoniti	*zvonitъ	*zvonilъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*zvoňenъ	*zvonimъ
Active	*zvoňь	*zvonę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*zvonixъ	*zvoni	*zvoni	*zvoňǫ	*zvoniši	*zvonitь
Dual	*zvonixově	*zvonista	*zvoniste	*zvonivě	*zvonita	*zvonite
Plural	*zvonixomъ	*zvoniste	*zvonišę	*zvonimъ	*zvonite	*zvonętь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*zvoňaaxъ	*zvoňaaše	*zvoňaaše	—	*zvoni	*zvoni
Dual	*zvoňaaxově	*zvoňaašeta	*zvoňaašete	*zvonivě	*zvonita	—
Plural	*zvoňaaxomъ	*zvoňaašete	*zvoňaaxǫ	*zvonimъ	*zvonite	—

(*)*zvonivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle

Derived terms

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: звонити (zvoniti)
  - Old Ruthenian: звони́ти (zvoníti), звони́ть (zvonítʹ), дзвони́ти (dzvoníti)
    - Belarusian: звані́ць (zvanícʹ)
      - (Turov): звоні́ць (zvonícʹ)
      - (Mogilev): звані́ць (zvanícʹ)
    - Carpathian Rusyn: звони́ти (zvonýty)
    - Ukrainian: дзвони́ти (dzvonýty)
  - Russian: звони́ть (zvonítʹ)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Old Cyrillic script: звонити (zvoniti)
  
  Glagolitic script: ⰸⰲⱁⱀⰻⱅⰻ (zvoniti)
- Macedonian: ѕвони (dzvoni)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: зво̀нити
  
  Latin script: zvòniti
  - Chakavian (Vrgada): zvonȉti
  - Chakavian (Orbanići): zvonȉt
  - Chakavian (Orlec): zvonȉt
  - Chakavian (Stinatz): zvon'it
  - Chakavian (Kukljica): zvonȉti
  - Chakavian (Grobnik): zvonȉt
  - Chakavian (Susak island): zvony̏t
  - Chakavian (Gračišće): zvonȉt
  - Chakavian (Liburnija): zvonị̏t
  - Chakavian (Zaglav, Dugi otok): zvonȉti
  - Kajkavian (Bednja): zvenjȉti
  - Kajkavian (Čabar): zgu̯'anet
  - Kajkavian (Ozalj): zvonȉti
  - Kajkavian (Varaždin): zvon'iti
- Slovene: zvonīti (tonal orthography)
  - Rovte dialect (Črni vrh, Idrija): zγȏ̧ńt
  - Littoral (Soča dialect, Bovec): zγunì:te̥
  - Lower Carniolan (Kostel dialect): zˈvoːnt, zˈvȯniːt
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: zvoniti
  - Czech: zvonit
    - Moravian (Mistřice): zvóňit
    - Bohemian (Chod dialect): zvonit
- Kashubian: zvońic
- Polabian: zünĕ (3rd singular)
- Old Polish: zwonić
  - Polish: dzwonić
  - Silesian: zwōnić
- Slovak: zvoniť
- Sorbian:
  - Upper Sorbian: zwonić
  - Lower Sorbian: zwoniś (archaic)

References

^
^{The template Template:R:zle-obe:HSBM does not use the parameter(s): url=zvoniti
Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.}Zhurawski, A. I., editor (1993), “звонити”, in Гістарычны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Historical Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), numbers 12 (зашкодный – злотницкий), Minsk: Navuka i tekhnika, →ISBN, page 111
^ Hrynchyshyn, D. H., editor (2004), “звонити”, in Словник української мови XVI – 1-ї пол. XVII ст. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language of 16ᵗʰ – 1ˢᵗ half of 17ᵗʰ c.] (in Ukrainian), numbers 11 (затраченє – злечитисѧ), Lviv: KIUS, →ISBN, page 122

[1] {The template Template:R:zle-obe:HSBM does not use the parameter(s): url=zvoniti
Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.}Zhurawski, A. I., editor (1993), “звонити”, in Гістарычны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Historical Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), numbers 12 (зашкодный – злотницкий), Minsk: Navuka i tekhnika, →ISBN, page 111

[2] Hrynchyshyn, D. H., editor (2004), “звонити”, in Словник української мови XVI – 1-ї пол. XVII ст. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language of 16ᵗʰ – 1ˢᵗ half of 17ᵗʰ c.] (in Ukrainian), numbers 11 (затраченє – злечитисѧ), Lviv: KIUS, →ISBN, page 122

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/zvoniti

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