Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kaŋïr

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 This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Alternative reconstruction

Etymology

Unclear, no reliable etymology can be posited.

According to Altaicists; this form is 'no doubt archaic' (older than *burun) and is cognate with Proto-Mongolic *kamar (“nose”) (Mongolian хамар (xamar)), Evenki оңокто (oŋoqto), Korean 코 (ko) and Japanese 嗅(か)ぐ (kagu). Although proposed forms match semantically, this type of comparisons are not reliable and scholarly consensus is against Altaic theory.

Northern Altai (kanžïr, “beak”) is from Mongolic хошуу (xošuu)[1] and unrelated to forms below despite semantic and sound similarities.

Noun

*kaŋïr

  1. (Siberian Turkic) nose
    Synonyms: *burun, *tumšuk, *tāna
  2. (Karluk Turkic, Oghuz Turkic) nasal cavity
    Synonym: *keŋiŕ
  3. (?) nose bridge, nasal bone
    Synonym: *tīrek

Declension

Declension of *kaŋïr
Singular 3)
Nominative *kaŋïr
Accusative *kaŋïrïg, *kaŋïrnï1)
Genitive *kaŋïrnïŋ
Dative *kaŋïrka
Locative *kaŋïrta
Ablative *kaŋïrtan
Allative *kaŋïrgaru
Instrumental 2) *kaŋïrïn
Equative 2) *kaŋïrča
Similative 2) *kaŋïrlayu
Comitative 2) *kaŋïrlïgu
1) Originally only in pronominal declension.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.

Descendants

  • Oghuz:
    • East Oghuz:
      • Turkmen: gaňşyrawuk (“nasal cavity”), goňursamak (“to reek”)
  • Karluk:
    • Karakhanid: (qaŋrak, “nasal cavity”)
  • Siberian:
    • Western Yugur: (kaŋrïq, “nose”)
    • South Siberian:

References

  1. ^ Poppe, N. 1960. Vergleischende Grammmatik der altaischen Sprachen. Teil 1. Wiesbaden. p. 96
  • Dybo, Anna (2013). Этимологический словарь базисной лексики тюркских языков (in Russian). TOO - Prosper Print. p. 413.
  • Räsänen, Martti (1969) “*kaŋur(uγ)”, in Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 232
  • Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
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