Reconstruction:Proto-Uralic/neljä

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 This Proto-Uralic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Uralic

Reconstruction

Reconstructed in several sources as *ńeljä, but according to Honti (1993) and Aikio (2014), the initial palatal nasal is apparently a widespread secondary development, presumably due to the influence of the word-medial palatal glide *-j-. An original unpalatalized nasal is supported by Hungarian, Mari, and most Samic languages.

Numeral

Proto-Uralic cardinal numbers
 <  3 4 5  > 
    Cardinal : *neljä

*neljä

  1. four

Descendants

  • Ugric:
    • Hungarian: négy
    • Mansi:
    • Khanty:
  • Proto-Permic: *ńöľ (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Mari: *nĭl (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Mordvinic: *ńiľə
  • Proto-Samic: *nealjē (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Finnic: *neljä (see there for further descendants)

References

Aikio, Ante. 2014. "On the reconstruction of Proto-Mari vocalism". In Journal of Language Relationship 11, pp. 125–157. Honti, László. 1993. Die Grundzahlwörter der uralischen Sprachen ('The Basic Numerals of the Uralic Languages'). Bibliotheca Uralica 11. Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó. →ISBN


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