Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/applu

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

From Proto-Germanic *apluz, *aplaz.

*applu m^[1]

1. fruit

   Synonyms: *fruht, *obaet

2. apple

• *apl

• Old English: æppel, apl, appel, æppyl
  • Middle English: appel, apple, appyl, appyll, appil, appill, appell, eppel, appul, appull, appulle, eappel, æppel, æpple, eappel (Early Middle English)
    • English: apple (see there for further descendants)
    • Scots: aipple
• Old Frisian: appel
  • North Frisian:

    Föhr, Hallig: aapel

    Helgoland: Oapel

    Mooring: ååpel

  • Saterland Frisian: Appel, Apel
  • West Frisian: apel
• Old Saxon: appel, appul, apl
  • Middle Low German: appel
    • German Low German: Appel
      • → German: Appel (colloquial, regional)
    • Plautdietsch: Aupel
• Old Dutch: *appel, ephela (pl.), apheles (gen.sg.)
  • Middle Dutch: appel, āpel
    • Dutch: appel (see there for further descendants)
    • Limburgish: appel
• Old High German: apful, aphul, apfol, afful, *appul — central
  • Middle High German: apfel, epfel, öpfel, appel
    • Alemannic German: Öpfel, Apfel

      Alsatian: Àpfel, Epfel

      Italian Walser: effél, epfel, epfil, öpfil

      Swabian: Ebfl

    • Bavarian: Åpfe

      Cimbrian: oupfal, öpfel, öpfl

      Mòcheno: epfl

      Udinese: eipfele, epfl

    • Central Franconian: Appel
      • Hunsrik: Eppel
      • Luxembourgish: Apel
    • East Central German:

      Upper Saxon German: Abbel, Appel

      Vilamovian: epuł

    • East Franconian:
    • German: Apfel
    • Rhine Franconian:

      Hessian: Àbbel, Ebbel, Abbel

      Pennsylvania German: Abbel, Appel

    • Yiddish: עפּל (epl)